【作者】 马丽娜；

【导师】 张耘；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 教育硕士（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 中考试题凝聚着教研专家团队和优秀教师的智慧,中考试题甚至是一些资深教师教学研究成果的侧面反映。中考试题在命题情境的选择、教材实验的再设计、开放性实验的创造等方面具有突出的严谨性、开发性和创新性,对课堂教学有着丰富的契机。通常中考试题的应用仅仅局限于解题训练,本文认为教学与中考是一个双向作用的过程。本研究旨在通过分析中考试题,实现将中考试题融入到实际教学中,优化初中物理教学。同时,本文对如何将中考试题融入课堂教学做出了思考,希望能为优化课堂教学提供一些借鉴。本研究的内容主要分为以下四个部分:第一部分:采用文献研究法,通过阅读大量文献资料,提出研究问题,找准研究方向,分析研究背景、研究意义、研究现状,明确研究的方法思路与理论基础,确定研究的内容与框架。第二部分:采用实践研究法,进行分析中考试题优化初中物理教学的教学实践。本研究的教学实践分成三大类进行:分析中考试题优化课堂导入、分析中考试题优化教材实验的教学、分析中考试题优化物理原理的教学。三大类均从以下内容展开研究:?分析中考试题,找准教学契机:对课堂教学内容可以再设计和改进的部分进行分析,并对中考试题中的教学契机进行选择和整合。?融入课堂教学,进行对比教学:将中考试题合理融入课堂教学,开发相关教学实验器材,形成典型案例的教学片段,在对比班和实验班进行教学实践,在对比班按照教材内容进行教学,在实验班融合中考试题进行教学,并对教学过程进行对比。?对学生进行试题测验和问卷调查,收集考试成绩和问卷调查结果。第三部分:采用对比研究法和问卷调查法,在实验班和对比班进行课堂实践后进行相同试题测验,记录学生的成绩;在实验班进行问卷调查,了解学生学习情况。将记录的成绩和问卷调查的结果形成图表等相关统计数据,并结合教学过程将成绩数据和调查结果进行对比,分析中考试题对初中物理教学的优化效果,并揭示中考试题对初中物理教学的理论意义和实践意义。第四部分:总结归纳本文的研究结论,并对研究不足之处结合教学实践过程和问卷调查反馈的情况,提出相关教学建议,分析如何将中考试题融入到初中物理教学当中,从而实现课堂教学的优化。通过本研究发现,在将中考试题融入课堂教学的过程中,能够在理论层面上能够发挥中考试题对课堂教学的导向作用、不断丰富教学资源、提高课堂教学的有效性,从而优化初中物理课堂教学;同时在实践层面能够有助于课程教学的创生与开发、培养学生物理学科核心素养、实现教学实验器材的改进,从而优化初中物理课堂教学。最后,笔者根据将中考试题融入到课堂教学的实践过程中的存在的问题和问题解决进行了思考,进而从中考试题融入到课堂教学的分析策略、中考试题融入到课堂教学的实践策略两个主要层面提出如何将中考试题融入到课堂教学当中的建议,实现分析中考试题优化初中物理教学。更多还原

【Abstract】 The senior high school entrance examination has been brought by the wisdom of many scholars and good teachers,it reflects teaching research results of senior teachers.The senior high school entrance examination possesses the preciseness,expansibility and creativity in the physical scenes and physical experiment redesign and open experiment.The senior high school entrance examination provides many chance for classroom teaching.Usually,the senior high school entrance examination could be used as a training in exercises,one thinks that the teaching in everyday and the examination could affect each other.The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the senior high school entrance examination,and incorporate it into classroom teaching.On this basis,teachers could optimize junior high school physics classroom teaching.This thesis points out how to incorporate the senior high school entrance examination into classroom teaching.It will provide reference for optimization of classroom teaching.The main content of this study is divided into four parts:Part one:This part mainly uses literature research method.Through reading lots of literature and collecting relevant information,one puts forward problems on research,determines the research direction,and analyzes the research background,significance,and status.The way of thinking,theoretical basis,content and frame of the study are identified.Part two:This part dependes on educational practice processes.The educational practice in this study is divided into three categories:optimizing classroom introduction by analyzing the senior high school entrance examination,optimizing classroom teaching of textbook experiment by analyzing the senior high school entrance examination,optimizing classroom teaching of physical principle by analyzing the senior high school entrance examination.Three categories is carried out from following contents:?analyzing,redesigning and improving the classroom teaching by selecting and consolidating the senior high school entrance examination.?developing experimental equipment by combining the teaching segment,practicing in different classrooms.?taking an exam and questionnaires in different classrooms,collecting grades and analyzing.Part three: This part mainly uses comparative study and questionnaire survey.Prepare a same examination for students in experimental class and contrast class.Then the teacher collects grades of student.Have a questionnaire survey in experimental class to learn about how students get along with their studies.Compare grades between experimental class and contrast class,analyze survey results in experimental class,analyze optimization effect of the study.Then,reveal the meaning of the classroom teaching combined with the senior high school entrance examination.Part four: This part mainly presents a summary of the research,points out the shortcomings about the research combining with teaching process and survey results,put forward teaching suggestions to combine the senior high school entrance examination with teaching classroom.With the benefit of the senior high school entrance examination,teachers can optimize the classroom teaching.Through this study,one finds that combining the senior high school entrance examination with classroom teaching can effect on such things as follow: produce a guide effect,enrich teaching resources,improve the effectiveness of teaching on the theoretical level.It also can develop curriculum resources,improve physical core literacy of students,improve experimental equipment of physic.Combining the senior high school entrance examination with classroom teaching can optimize the classroom teaching.This study also puts forward analysis strategies and practice strategies about how to combine the senior high school entrance examination with classroom teaching to optimize the classroom teaching.更多还原