【作者】 刘莹；

【导师】 林双燕；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨师范大学 ， 凝聚态物理， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,不可再生能源的逐渐枯竭及其带来的环境污染问题,使得设计高性能储能装置成为了人们主要研究目标。超级电容器由于具有高的功率密度值和优异的循环稳定性引起了巨大的研究兴趣。电极材料的选择以及结构的设计影响着超级电容器的性能。其中,过渡金属硫化物因其高氧化还原活性和高电导率而受到研究人员的关注。然而大部分硫化物的合成策略复杂,不适于广泛推广。因此,本文利用一步水热法分别合成了NiS2/MoS2（NMS）纳米线和Co3S4/Ni3S4/MoS2（CMS）纳米棒上长纳米片的分级结构,具体内容如下:（1）利用一步水热法成功合成NiS2/MoS2（NMS）纳米线,并分析了不同反应时间对其性能的影响。由于结构和组分的优点,NMS-12电极（12为水热12 h）在5 mA cm^-2的电流密度时,其面电容达到4.46 F cm^-2。此外,NMS-12//AC HSC在5 mA cm^-2下功率密度为3.63 mW cm^-2,能量密度为0.35 mWh cm^-2,在3000次循环后电容保持率为92.4%。这些结果表明该电极材料在超级电容器方面有很好的利用价值。（2）利用简单的一步水热合成了Co3S4/Ni3S4/MoS2（CMS）纳米棒上长纳米片的分级结构,并根据不同反应时间的形貌演变归纳出了可能的生长过程。通过优化反应时间获得的CMS-20电极（20为水热20 h）在5 mA cm^-2下表现出3.94 F cm^-2的面电容,并且在5000次循环后,其电容保持率为91.8%。这些结果表明,本研究中合成的CMS电极有成为高性能超级电容器的潜力。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,designing high-performance energy storage devices has become the main research goal of people due to the gradual depletion of non-renewable energy and the environmental pollution.Supercapacitors have attracted great research interest due to their high power density and long cycle life.Among many factors,the choice of electrode materials and the design of the structure are particularly important for the performance of supercapacitor.As advanced pseudocapacitive materials,transition metal sulfides have attracted extensive research by virtue of their high redox activity and high electrical conductivity.However,most of the sulfide synthesis methods are too complicated to be widely used.Therefore,the hierarchical structure of NiS₂/MoS₂（NMS）nanowires and Co3S4/Ni3S4/MoS2（CMS）nanosheet-nanorod arrays were synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method.（1）NiS2/MoS2（NMS）nanowires were successfully synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method,and the effects of hydrothermal times on their performance were analyzed.Due to the advantages of structure and composition,the NMS-12 electrode（12 refers to the hydrothermal reaction time of 12 h）exhibits a high areal capacitance of4.46 F cm^-2at 5 mA cm^-2.In addition,the device of NMS-12//AC displays a high energy density of 0.35 mWh cm-2 at a high power density of 3.63 mW cm-2,and prominent cycle stability with 92.4%retention after 3000 cycles.These results show that this electrode material has a good application prospect in supercapacitors.（2）The hierarchical of Co₃S₄/Ni₃S₄/MoS₂（CMS）nanosheet-nanorod arrays were synthesized by a hydrothermal method,and the growth process was proposed according to the morphological evolution of different hydrothermal time.The CMS-20 electrode（20 refers to the hydrothermal reaction time of 20 h）delivers an areal capacitance of3.94 F cm^-22 at 5 mA cm^-2,and prominent cycle stability with 91.8%capacitance retention after 5000 cycles.These results indicate that the CMS electrode developed in this paper has the potential to become a high-performance supercapacitor.更多还原