【作者】 杨敏；

【导师】 吴莉娅；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 公共管理（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 村庄特色风貌维育对于实现建设美丽中国具有重要意义。本文基于特色风貌的构成要素,从自然特色要素、人居特色要素、文化特色要素三个层面展开吴江区村庄特色风貌维育的分析。吴江区村庄特色风貌的空间形态主要分为集中点块型、沿路扩散型、滨水条带型,人福村、叶家港、沐庄分别是其中的代表村庄。从维育现状来看,自然特色风貌随着城镇建设用地的扩张,部分河道形成淤积,水质生态受到影响,水乡水文生态特色有部分流失;人居特色风貌随着交通与城乡一体化建设的加快,生态空间被分割,部分街区墙体老化,新旧建筑风格迥异,建筑形式与标准不一等情况依然存在;文化特色风貌随着时代的发展变迁,深厚的吴文化、建筑文化等文化底蕴的传承,无疑是吴江区村庄特色的亮点,城乡一体化建设的推进,使部分村落的特色风貌存在不断流失的风险:资源的粗放使用,导致自然风貌遭到破坏;原住民大量流失,导致乡村精英后续贮备匮乏。政策向城市倾斜,导致文化风貌部分流失。故而,应当从自然、人居、文化三个方面入手,坚持地域特色与时代特征相适应、整体结构与多样特征相结合、参考价值与适应程度相综合的维育原则,促进吴江区村庄特色风貌维育:自然风貌类村庄维育可以基于村庄特色风貌,进行绿色开发,既保持了建筑风貌的统一性,又兼顾了生态与经济的统一协调式发展;人居风貌类村庄维育可以注重建筑与民俗的保护;文化风貌类村庄维育可以强调浓厚的人文氛围,注重传统文化的继承和发扬。在此基础上,提出吴江区村庄特色风貌维育的政府治理对策:自然风貌维育改善层面,强化山水特质维育,提高自然生态环境水平;强调田林绿化维育,提升空间景观特色。人居风貌维育改善层面,倡导以人为本的理念,打造宜居水乡环境;强化对多层、高层建筑空间的风格引导。文化风貌维育改善层面,留存水乡记忆,突出地域价值;传承吴地文化,突出人文情怀,助力吴江区村庄特色风貌维育的改善与提升。并进一步提出深化农村改革保障乡村特色风貌价值;突出共建共享,推动城乡要素双向流动;强化政府引导,形成市场动力互补机制等政府治理保障措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 The maintenance of village features is the great significance for the construction of a beautiful China.Based on the elements of characteristic features,this paper analyzes the maintenance of characteristic features of villages in Wujiang,according to three aspects:natural features,human settlements and cultural features.The spatial forms of the characteristic features of villages in Wujiang are mainly divided into concentrated block type,road diffusion type and waterfront strip type,Renfu village,Yejia port and Muzhuang which are the representative villages respectively.From the maintenance analyzation of the current situation,with the expansion of urban construction land,some rivers become silted up,the affection of the water quality and ecology is affected,the part lost of some of the hydrologic and ecological characteristics of water township are part lost.With the acceleration of transportation and urban-rural integration,ecological space has been divided,the buildings of some blocks have aged,new and old buildings are different,and architectural forms and standards are different.With the development and changes of the times,the profound inheritance of Wu culture,architectural culture and other cultural heritage is undoubtedly the highlight of the village characteristics of Wujiang.The advancement of urban-rural integration has led to the risk of continuous loss of the characteristics of some villages.Extensive use of resources has led to the destruction of natural features;a large number of indigenous people have been lost,resulting in a lack of subsequent storage of the rural elite.The policy is tilted towards the city,leading to the partial loss of cultural features.Therefore,we should start from the three aspects of nature,human settlement and culture,adhere to the principle of maintenance of the regional characteristics and the characteristics of the times,the combination of the overall structure and the diversity of features,the reference value and the degree of adaptation,and promote the unique features of the villages in Wujiang.The maintenance of villages with natural can be developed on the basis of the village’s characteristic style,which not only maintains the unity of the style of the building,but also takes into account the unified and coordinated development of ecology and economy.The maintenance of villages with human settlements can focus on the protection of architecture and folk customs.The maintenance of villages with cultural features can emphasize a strong humanistic atmosphere and pay attention to the inheritance and development of traditional culture.On this basis,the government’s countermeasures for the maintenance of the characteristics and style of villages in Wujiang are proposed.In terms of the improvement of the natural style and maintenance,it strengthens the maintenance of the landscape and quality,and improves the natural ecological environment.In terms of the improvement of the maintenance of human settlements,it advocates the people-oriented concept and creates a livable water village environment.It strengthens the style guidance of multi-storey and high-rise building spaces.In terms of the improvement of cultural style maintenance,it maintains the memory of water towns and highlights regional values,inheriting the Wu culture,highlighting humanistic sentiments,and helping the improvement and promotion of the maintenance of the characteristic style of villages in Wujiang.And it is further proposed to deepen rural reform to ensure the value of rural features.It highlights the joint construction and sharing,promote the two-way flow of urban and rural factors.It strengthens government guidance,and form government governance safeguards such as market power complementary mechanisms,etc.更多还原