【作者】 王琪；

【导师】 于群； 易俊；

【作者基本信息】 山东科技大学 ， 电气工程（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,随着交直流及全国电网互联工程的快速推进,我国电力系统已从小规模区域电网发展为联系紧密、相互耦合的互联电网。区域电网互联有效解决了资源分布不均的问题,提高了资源利用率,但大规模电力系统的形成增加了停电事故的风险。由于传统连锁故障仿真模型未考虑区域电网的异质性和电网间的相互作用,在探索互联电网大停电事故规律上具有一定的局限性。因此,建立互联电网连锁故障模型,有效评估互联电网停电事故风险和制定互联电网连锁故障控制措施在保证电网安全稳定运行中起到重要作用。首先,基于元胞自动机理论,依据互联电网实际运行特性构建多个具有区域特性的元胞自动机,并考虑元胞自动机间相互作用关系,建立了异质元胞自动机模型。应用所建模型对互联电网进行停电事故仿真,观察在不同扰动情况下互联电网停电事故的演化规律,并将模型与传统元胞自动机模型进行比较,分别从模型特性、分维和仿真流程时间三个角度验证了模型仿真互联电网连锁故障停电事故的优势。其次,为有效评估多区域互联电网的停电事故风险,结合广义极值理论,给出了一种多区域互联电网风险评估方法,并建立区域风险指标探索不同场景下各区域停电风险的变化规律。应用熵权法和层次分析法综合考虑各区域风险值、潮流分布、电气介数和破裂次数多个方面辨识互联电网关键元胞,以IEEE118节点系统和HN实际电网作为仿真算例,仿真结果验证了风险评估方法和关键元胞辨识方法的正确性。最后,依据预防-过载校正控制的特性及不同连锁故障阶段区域间的协调关系,制定了互联电网协调控制措施。应用异质元胞自动机模型对IEEE118节点系统和HN电网进行停电事故仿真,分别从损失负荷序列、潮流分布和停电事故风险值三个方面验证了控制措施的有效性和实用性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,with the rapid development of AC-DC and power grid interconnection projects,power system has developed from small-scale regional power grid to interconnected power grid with close connections and mutual coupling in China.The interconnection of regional power grids effectively solves the problem of uneven distribution of resources and improves the utilization of resources,but the formation of large-scale power system increases the risk of blackout.Because of the heterogeneity of the regional power grid and interaction between different regional power grids are not considered in the traditional simulation model of cascading failure,it has certain limitations in exploring the rules of blackout in interconnected power grid.Therefore,it plays an important role in ensuring the safe and stable operation of interconnected power grid to establish the model of interconnected power grid cascading failure,effectively evaluate the risk of interconnected power grid blackout and formulate control measures of interconnected power grid cascading failure.Firstly,based on the theory of cellular automata,a number of cellular automata models with regional characteristics according to the actual operation characteristics of interconnected power grid are constructed,and the heterogeneous cellular automata model is established by considering the interaction between different cellular automata models.The model is used to simulate the blackout of interconnected power grid and observe the blackout evolution laws of interconnected power grid in different operating states.By comparing the model with the cellular automata model,the advantages of the model are verified from the aspects of model characteristics,fractal dimension and simulation flow and time.Secondly,in order to effectively evaluate the blackout risk in interconnected power grid,a risk assessment method for interconnected power grid is given based on the generalized extremum theory,and regional grid blackout risk indicator is established to explore the change rules of blackout risk in different scenarios.Entropy weight method and analytic hierarchy process are used to identify the key cells by considering the risk value of regional power grid,power flow distribution,electrical betweenness and failure frequency.IEEE 118-bus stystem and HN power grid are taken as simulation examples,the simulation results verify the correctness of the risk assessment method and the key cells identification method.Finally,according to the characteristics of preventive-overload correction control and the coordination relationship among regional power grids in different cascading failure stages,the coordinated control measures for interconnected power grid are formulated.The heterogeneous cellular automata model is used to simulate the blackout of IEEE 118-bus system and HN power grid,the effectiveness and practicability of the control measures are verified from three aspects:the loss load sequence,the power flow distribution and the risk value of blackout.更多还原