【作者】 陈跃；

【导师】 赵凯辉；

【作者基本信息】 湖南工业大学 ， 电气工程， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 永磁同步电机因其结构简单、稳定性强、转子不耗能等显著优势,在交通运输、工业生产等领域得到了广泛应用,面临着各种复杂多变的环境与运行工况,其永磁体易发生失磁问题,由此极大的影响永磁同步电机的性能。本文在考虑电机发生失磁故障的情况下,以滑模观测器为基础,研究了永磁同步电机有限集模型预测控制。本文的主要研究内容如下:针对永磁同步电机在复杂牵引工况下转子永磁体容易发生失磁故障的问题,提出一种基于磁链在线监测的有限集模型预测容错控制方法。首先,分析了永磁体失磁的特点,建立了失磁故障的永磁同步电机数学模型。其次,设计了永磁体磁链滑模观测器实时观测转子永磁体磁链,并对滑模观测器的稳定性进行了证明。最后,提出了基于有限集模型预测的容错控制算法,并把观测的磁链信息反馈到有限集预测容错控制器,使预测模型中的电机参数数值与电机实际参数数值保持一致,以减小永磁体失磁故障对永磁同步电机的控制性能的影响,从而实现了失磁故障的有限集模型预测容错控制。仿真及实验结果表明,与传统PI控制相比,有限集模型预测容错控制方法的容错能力和鲁棒性更强。针对永磁同步电机在复杂牵引工况下转子永磁体容易发生失磁故障的问题,对上述所提出的控制方法进行改进,提出一种基于磁链在线监测的双矢量有限集模型预测控制。首先,用超螺旋滑模观测器来替换原控制方法中的传统一阶滑模观测器,使得观测的磁链信息更加精确,同时消除了传统滑模观测器的抖振;其次,用双矢量有限集模型预测控制替代传统的单矢量有限集预测控制,且在预测模型的获取中,采用精度更高的二阶欧拉离散法替代传统一阶前向离散法,使其预测模型更加精确。最后,通过仿真验证表明,相比前述所提出的控制算法和传统PI控制方法,所提出的基于磁链在线监测的双矢量有限集模型预测控制算法,能适应控制精度要求更高的控制环境,进一步提高了永磁同步电机的控制性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)has been widely used in transportation,industrial production and other fields due to its advantages of simple structure,strong stability and no energy consumption in rotor.It also operate under various complex and changeable environment and operation conditions.So,its permanent magnet is easy to demagnetized,which greatly affects the control performance of PMSM.In this paper,the finite control set-model predictive control(FCS-MPC)based on the sliding mode observer for PMSM is discussed.The main research contents of this paper are as follows:In view of the problem that the permanent magnet of PMSM is easy to take demagnetization faults under the complex traction conditions,a finite control set model predictive fault-tolerant control method based on flux online detection is proposed.Firstly,the characteristics of permanent magnet demagnetization faults are analyzed,and the mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous motor under demagnetization faults is established.Secondly,the permanent magnet flux observer is designed to observe the rotor flux in real time,and the stability of the observer is proved.Finally,a fault-tolerant control algorithm based on the FCS-MPC is proposed,and the observed flux information is fed back to the finite control set model predictive fault-tolerant controller,so that the motor parameters in the predictive model are consistent with the actual parameters of the motor.It can reduce the influence of the permanent magnet demagnetization faults on the control performance of the PMSM,so as to realize the finite control set model predictive fault-tolerant control for demagnetization faults.The simulation and experimental results show that compared with the traditional PI control,the fault tolerance and robustness of the finite control set model predictive fault-tolerant control method are stronger.In order to solve the problem that the permanent magnet of PMSM is easy to take demagnetization faults under the complex traction conditions,the control method proposed above is improved,and a two-vector FCS-MPC based on flux linkage on-line detection is proposed.Firstly,the traditional first-order sliding mode observer mentioned above is replaced by the super twisting sliding mode observer,which makes the observed flux information more accurate and eliminates the chattering of the traditional sliding mode observer.Secondly,the traditional single vector FCS-MPC is replaced by the two-vector FCS-MPC,and the one order forward discrete method is replace by the higher accuracy second-order Euler discrete method to obtain the predictive model,which make predictive model more accurate.Finally,the simulation results show that,compared with the single-vector FCS-MPC and traditional PI control method,the proposed two-vector FCS-MPC algorithm based on flux online detection can adapt to the control environment with higher control accuracy requirements,and further improve the control performance of PMSM.更多还原