【作者】 杨静；

【导师】 杜永； 张海霞；

【作者基本信息】 河北工程大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 空间转动机构是光学遥感设备的关键机械部件。多种转动机构主要由步进电机驱动,部分由直流无刷电机驱动。空间转动机构是否长寿命高精度运转影响整个空间系统的可靠性和使用寿命。因此,空间转动机构需要按照严格的空间科学实验转动部件规范进行验证和试验。目前,对于项目试验所需的设备由分立测量部件临时搭建,迫切需要定制寿命试验测量及控制仪器。该仪器需要完成数据采集和存储、变温目标的温差控制、空间转动机构转速周期稳定性测量与标准差统计等功能。本文在电子测量和热控原理的基础上,对现有的需求指标进行研究和分析。在电子学硬件设计上采用传感和预处理方式获取信号,通过模数转换把数据通讯给现场可编程器件(Cyclone IV系列FPGA)数据采集和处理。FPGA通过原理图和Verilog HDL混合设计,进行转速周期稳定性测量,控制空间转动机构前后端的温差,通过异步串行通讯方式组包通讯给微型计算机。本文以VC++开发软件设计编写上位机监测应用软件。监测软件设计完成定时通讯功能;完成转动机构的转速,温度,驱动电路的电压,电流显示功能;完成空间转动机构周期稳定性的概率学(方差和标准差)统计功能,并给出可靠性评估;完成可按时间或文件大小分割存储数据的功能;完成异常数据报警功能。通过这些功能模块的设计,软件对空间转动机构长寿命试验的监测和控制,可以达到对完成试验的转动部件分解检查,以推测在轨工作可靠性,便于确定可靠性余量的目的。最后,通过测控仪的调试与分析,证明了本文以FPGA为基础的硬件采集和处理电路与VC++开发的上位机监测软件相互配合,能完成空间转动机构长寿命测量与控制仪器设备的样机研制,且各项功能和性能达到设计指标要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 The space rotation mechanism is a key component of optical remote sensing equipment.Various rotating mechanisms are driven by stepper motors and DC brushless motors.Whether the space turning mechanism has long life and precision operation affects the reliability and life of the entire system.Therefore,it needs to be verified by the strict space experimental rotating specifications.Now,equipment is temporarily built by discrete components,and there is urgent to customize the instrument.The instrument needs to complete data collection and storage,temperature difference control of variable temperature,periodic stability test,and standard deviation statistics.Based on the principles of electronic measurement and thermal control,this paper analyzes the existing demand.The electronic hardware design uses sensing and preprocessing to obtain signals,and the data by A/D is communicated to the field programmable device(Cyclone IV series FPGA).Through the schematic and Verilog HDL mixed design,FPGA measure the speed cycle stability,control the temperature difference between the front and back of the mechanism,and communicate to the microcomputer by asynchronous serial communication.This article uses VC++ to write the monitoring software.It is designed to complete the timing communication,the display of rotating speed,temperature,driving voltage and current,the probabilistic(variance and standard deviation)statistical function of the speed stability,and give a reliability evaluation,storing data by time or file size and the alarm function of abnormal data.Through the functional modules,the software can monitor and control the long-life test of the space rotating mechanism,which can achieve the purpose of decomposing and inspecting the test parts,to infer the reliability of the on-orbit work,and to determine the reliability margin.Finally,through the debugging and analysis of the instrument,it is proved that the FPGA-based hardware acquisition and processing circuit and the host software developed by VC++ can cooperate with each other to complete the prototype development of the test equipment of the space rotation mechanism.And each function and performance meet the design requirements.更多还原