【作者】 张建新；

【导师】 梁婷；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 工程硕士 地质工程（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 新疆奥尔托喀讷什锰矿床位于塔里木陆块与西昆仑造山带接触部位北侧,西昆仑北缘古生代复合沟弧带内,是近年来新疆西昆仑地区新发现主要的锰矿床之一,资源潜力大。该矿床目前还处于详查阶段,研究程度很低。论文依托中国冶金地质总局西北地质勘查院承担的详查项目,通过系统分析和整理已完成的详查、研究资料,全面总结了该矿床的成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征、成矿条件,初步分析矿床成因、建立成矿模式,研究成果对指导矿区及外围找矿提供了依据。论文主要取得以下进展:（1）对矿区成矿背景进行了系统的野外地质调查和总结。成果显示,区域地层以古生界、中生界为主,少量古元古界及新生界,地层出露不全。岩浆活动不发育,仅有少量的早二叠世火山岩出露;区域构造发育,玛尔坎土山复背斜为区内主要褶皱构造,断裂构造以近东西向为主,其次为北西西向;区内成矿地质条件优越,区域地球化学显示出较好的成矿元素异常,是Mn、Cu、Au等成矿有利地段。（2）矿区赋矿层位为上石炭统喀拉阿特河组第三岩性段（C₂k³）的一套浅海相沉积地层,其岩石组合为蚀变安山岩—炭质灰岩—砂屑灰岩—生物碎屑灰岩—砂屑灰岩—炭质灰岩—蚀变安山岩,矿区没有岩体出露,玛尔坎土背斜为矿区的主要控矿构造,对矿体的形成起到了重要作用。锰矿体赋存于含炭泥质灰岩夹薄层细晶灰岩条带中,矿体的形态、展布受围岩地层控制,且界线清晰。目前矿区圈定出Ⅰ和Ⅱ号2条矿体,矿体形态规则、呈似层状产出,连续性较好。主要的矿石矿物为菱锰矿,见少量软锰矿、褐锰矿、硫锰矿、硅锰矿;围岩蚀变主要为褐铁矿化、黄铁矿化、绢云母化和绿泥石化等。矿石的结构主要为微晶结构、细粒结构、球粒状结构,构造为致密块状、纹层状以及土状构造。根据矿石矿物的组合和产出特征,将成矿分为两个阶段,即碳酸锰矿层的沉积阶段和热液改造阶段。（3）初步分析了矿床的成矿地层、构造、地球化学等条件,并与邻区玛尔坎土锰矿床、穆呼锰矿床进行了对比,提出矿床的成因为浅海相层控型沉积锰矿床,经历了后期热液的叠加改造,并建立了矿床成矿模式。在总结研究的基础上,提出了矿床的找矿标志,指出了下一步找矿的方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Xinjiang Aoertuokane manganese deposit is located in the complex trench-arc belt in the north margin of West Kunlun,lying between the Tarim plate and West Kunlun orogenic belt.The Aoertuokane manganese deposit is one of the most important latest discovered manganese deposits whichhas great prospecting potential in the West Kunlun area.The deposit isonly in the initial stage of detailed investigation andpoorly understand.This study is supported bydetailed investigation project of the Northwest Geological Exploration Institute of China Metallurgical Geology Bureau.Based on the detailed field geological survey and comprehensive studies,geological background,geological characteristics,metallogenic mechanism and genesis are well discussed in this paper.Furthermore,this study also provides important support to further prospecting of the deposit and its periphery.Here,the preliminary conclusions of this study are as follow:(1)The metallogenic background of the deposit was systematically investigated and summarized in the field.The outcrop strata are mainly composed of Paleozoic and Mesozoic,with minor Paleoproterozoic and Cenozoic.Magmatic activity is not developed,but only a small number of volcanic rocks of early Permian era occurred.Regional structure is well developed which is characterized by Maercantu anticline.The main faultstrike east-west,followed by northwest-west strike fault.The metallogenic geological conditions in the area are well prepared,.In addition the regional geochemistry shows a distinct anomaly of metallogenic elements,such as Mn,Cu,Au,and etc.(2)The ore-bearing rocks are hosted in the third sequence of the Upper Carboniferous Kalaatehe formation.The rocks are altered andesite,carbonaceous limestone,calcarenite,bioclastic limestone,calcarenite,carbonaceous limestone.No magmatic rock have been discovered in the deposit.The Maercantu anticline is the main ore-controlling structure,which plays an important role in the formation of the ore.The manganese orebodies distribute in the Carbonaceous mudstone with thin layer fine.The orebody are show comfortable with the surrounding-rock,with clear boundary.At present,two orebodies,namedNo.Ⅰand No.II,have been defined in the mining area.The orebody show regular shaple,similar to layer,and have well continuity.Ore-minerals are mainly composed of rhodochrosite and minor pyrolusite,braunite,alabandite and bementite.Wall rock have experienced limonitization,pyritization,sericitization and chloritization.The ore is mainly microcrystal,fine grain and spherical.The structure includes compact massive,striatum and soil-like.According to the mineral assemblages and characteristics of distribution of the ores,mineralization process can be divided into two stages: early sedimentary stage and late hydrothermal reformation stage.(3)Based on detail studies of metallogenic strata,structures,geochemistry and other conditions,and comparing with Maercantu manganese deposit and Muhu manganese deposit,we argued that the Aoertuokane manganese deposits belongs to the shallow marine-strata bound sedimentary deposits,which was influenced by the multiple late hydrothermal reformation.Then the theory of genesis,ore-forming models,as well as ore-prospecting indicators for the deposits,are summarized,which pointed out direction of future prospecting.更多还原