【作者】 辛丽丽；

【导师】 韩进军；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 社会工作硕士（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 当前国内关于退役军人就业的研究并不多,尤其是从社会工作角度来研究退役士兵就业适应方面更是少之又少,退役士兵作为退役军人中占比较大的人群,从组织化较强的部队环境到较为自由的社会环境时,面临许多方面地调整和转变,然而相对封闭的部队环境无法保证退役士兵对社会形成一个全面认识,退役后面对社会的变化和不同的规则时,他们会在生理、心理和社会层面出现颇多不适与个性化需求。在此期间,退役士兵能否最终顺利实现就业以及社会再适应,是一个重要且值得研究探讨的复杂问题。本文以退役士兵就业适应能力提升为切入点,采取个案工作方法进行介入,通过获取案主信任,建立专业关系;调整个人认知,转变就业观念;增强就业能力,支持顺利就业;跟进了解情况,回顾总结收获四个阶段,来解决案主所面临的问题,以社会再适应理论、社会支持理论等为基础,通过访谈法、行动研究法评估退役士兵就业的需求,运用社会再适应理论及时发现和解读案主面临的困难,尽早解决问题,化解矛盾,并运用社会支持理论通过外部资源实现助人自助。在分析案主所面临的就业问题时,社会工作者着眼于其服役前、服役时和退役后三个时间段的工作和生活,将分析时间段拉长利于制订合理的服务计划对案主进行助人自助,在实务介入过程中,社会工作者采取直接介入与间接介入相结合的方法,来整体提升案主的就业适应能力。从介入效果上看,通过测量工具的前后测结果对比显示,个案工作介入退役士兵就业适应能力提升方面的优势一目了然。最后,根据本文的研究,利用社会工作学科的优势,对退役士兵就业问题做进一步探索。研究通过对内蒙古T市K旗进行走访发现案主,以专业的理论知识为指导,在助人自助的宗旨引领下,结合案主实际需求,采用个案工作的方法介入到退役士兵就业适应中来,从家庭、社区、社会三方面构建退役士兵的社会支持系统,来促进退役士兵就业。本文是个案工作介入退役士兵就业适应的探索性研究,得出的结论虽然不具有更大的普适性,但在帮助退役士兵就业适应能力提升方面具有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Currently,there is not much research on the reemployment of veterans in China.Especially,there are very scarce studies on veterans’ adaptation to the reemployment from the perspective of social work.When veterans enter a relatively loose social environment from a highly-organized military environment,they have to face many adjustments and changes.However,closed troops are not conducive for veterans to form a comprehensive understanding to the society.When confronting the new social changes and different rules,they will have a lot of discomforts and personalized demands at the psychological,physiological,and social levels.During this period,whether the veterans can finally achieve employment and social readjustment successfully becomes an important and complex issue worthy of research.This thesis takes the veterans’ reemployment adaptation promotion as the breakthrough point,carries on the intervention through the case work method,and solves the problems faced by service objects from the following four stages: obtaining the clients’ trust and establishing the professional relationship;adjusting the individual cognition and changing the work concept;enhancing the employment ability and supporting the smooth employment;following to understand situation and summarizing the harvests.Taking the social re-adaptation theory and the social support theory as the support,this thesis understands the demands of veterans for re-employment through the interview method and the action research method.The use of social re-adaptation theory can find and interpret the difficulties faced by clients in time,solve problems promptly,and resolve contradictions.Moreover,the use of the social support theory can help others and help themselves through external resources.In addition,when analyzing the difficulties of re-employment of the clients,social workers focus on their work and life over three periods of time(before joining the army,when joining the army,and retiring from the army).Lengthening the analysis period is to facilitate the formulation of a reasonable service plan to help others and help themselves.In the process of practical intervention,social workers take a combination of direct intervention and indirectintervention to enhance the overall adaptability of the clients’ employment.From the perspective of the intervention effect,the comparison between the pre-test result and the post-test result through the measurement tool shows that the advantage of the case work intervention in the veterans’ employment adaptability improvement is apparent.Finally,on the basis of the study in this thesis,the advantages of the social work discipline are applied to further explore the employment of the veterans.This study determines the service object by visiting K Banner of T City,Inner Mongolia.Under the guidance of the professional theory of social work,this study takes "helping others to help themselves" as the purpose,combines with the actual needs of the service object,adopts case work to intervene in the adaptation of veterans to re-employment,constructs the social support system of veterans from three aspects(family,community and society),and promotes the reemployment of veterans.This thesis is an exploratory study on the intervention of veterans in the promotion of reemployment adaptation,and the conclusion is not more universal.However,the author hopes to provide some reference in assisting veterans to adapt to the promotion of reemployment.更多还原