【作者】 罗颖；

【导师】 袁小芳； 肖志华；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 电子与通信工程（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 随着新能源产业的不断发展,直流电能的应用越来越广泛,其中铁塔基站、新能源汽车、轨道交通等应用领域的需求尤为突出。研究直流电能计量方法以及研制高可靠性的直流电能计量装置,对实现新能源领域应用以及能源管理具有十分重要的意义。当前,为了提高资源利用率,中国铁塔公司所经营的基站集结了移动、电信、联通等大用户通信设备的配用电以及通信服务运营,为了统计铁塔基站中各用户的直流电能消耗以及费用分摊需求,本文研究设计了一种直流电能计量装置用以计量并监测铁塔基站的直流配用电情况。本文从课题研究的背景与意义出发,分析了直流电的应用场合、国内外计量技术的研究现状与发展趋势,从而叙述了整个论文内容框架,接着从理论上分析了霍尔电流传感器的测量方案与精度验证,并着重论述了计量装置的软硬件设计原理。硬件部分分析了电源模块、采样电路、RS485通信模块和时钟电路等。其中,电源与通信模块引入了电气隔离设计,采样部分增加了阻容滤波处理,时钟电路采用时钟芯片方案,进而增强了硬件电路的稳定性;软件部分使用模块化方案,使底层驱动与应用层层次分明,减少程序模块之间的耦合度,提高了程序结构清晰度有助于后续功能裁剪与代码移植,同时详细分析了直流电测量与计量以及铁塔基站通信协议应用程序。样机设计与制作完成后,论文对计量装置的功能与性能进行了测试。功能部分采用白盒测试方法对计量装置的各软件功能模块的分支逻辑结构进行全面测试;性能部分的测试项目包含EMC、电源功耗、机械振动和高低温等试验内容。最终分析了计量装置的准确度测试数据并计算了误差,测试数据显示计量装置各回路计量精度等级可达1级标准,整机功耗小于2W,性能稳定,满足铁塔基站技术规范要求,具备铁塔基站通信直流配用电应用场合的技术发展需求。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the new energy industry,the application of DC power is used more and more extensive,especially in the tower base station,new energy vehicles,metro vehicles and other applications.It is significant to study DC energy metering methods and develop high reliability DC energy metering devices for the realization of new energy applications and management.At present,In order to calculate the DC power consumption and the cost sharing demand of the users in the base stations,a DC power metering device is designed in this paper.It is used to monitor the state of DC distribution of tower base stations,and to measure the direct current power consumption of users.Firstly,this thesis introduces the research background and significance of t he subject,then analyzes the research status and development trend of DC power metering technology at home and abroad,and that describes the overall content and structure.The power supply circuit,sampling circuit and RS485 communication circuit are analyzed in detail in hardware.The electrical isolation design is introduced into the power supply circuit and communication circuit module,and the sampling circuit is processed by RC filter,which effectively guarantees the stability and reliability of the hardware system.Layer-driven independence reduces the coupling between program modules and improves the program structure clarity for code transplantation and function tailoring.At the same time,the application program of energy metering and communication protocol of tower base station is analyzed in detail.At last,the function and performance of DC electric energy metering device are tested,and the test results are analyzed.Functionally,the white-box test method is used to test all functions of the DC power metering device.The performance test covers electromagnetic compatibility,mechanical performance and other aspects of the test.Then the accuracy test and error analysis of the DC power metering device are carried out.The results show that the accu racy level of the electric energy metering device reaches the first level,which meets the technical specifications of the tower in China and the development needs of the DC distribution market.更多还原