【作者】 王辉；

【导师】 鲁鹏宇；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 法律硕士（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 从世界范围看,市场经济越发达的国家,其失信惩戒制度就越完善。随着我国经济的发展,对失信惩戒制度的需求不断增加,在此背景下,失信惩戒制度逐步确立了起来。一项完善的制度需要经得起法治化的考验,失信惩戒制度也不例外。通过对大量失信惩戒立法的研究,可以发现部分立法存在合法性瑕疵。其中有形式层面存在合法性瑕疵的,亦有实质性层面存在合法性瑕疵的。形式性合法性瑕疵体现在对依法行政原则的偏离与职权法定原则的违反。实质性合法性瑕疵则表现在对不当连接禁止原则,比例原则和尊重与保障人权原则的违反,此外,实质性合法性瑕疵还体现在使公民的生存照顾义务受到了削减。可以看出,失信惩戒制度的合法性瑕疵违反了公法原则,也侵犯了失信者的权利。针对当前失信惩戒存在的合法性瑕疵予以纠正,无论是对经济的快速发展,还是对法律体系的进一步完善都具有重大意义。针对失信惩戒存在的合法性瑕疵,可从以下四点入手加以解决。首先,正确界定失信惩戒的功能定位。失信惩戒旨在解决一些重要领域的重大失信问题,不应该试图借助失信惩戒建立一个尽善尽美的完人社会。然后,提高失信惩戒的立法位阶。我国失信惩戒立法存在合法性瑕疵的一个重要原因,就是没有法律级别上的立法,导致了下位阶法律的混乱。接着,确定个人信息保护的边界。当前的失信惩戒制度中涉及到公民方方面面的信息,对能予以公布的应当作出说明,对涉及隐私方面的信息则禁止公布。最后,构建信用修复机制,信用修复在失信惩戒中占据着重要的地位,不能忽视。更多还原

【Abstract】 From a global perspective,the more developed the market economy is,the better the system of punishment for dishonesty will be.With the development of China’s economy,the demand for disciplinary systems for dishonesty continues to increase.Against this background,the system for disciplinary treatment for dishonesty has also been gradually established.Although the law of disciplinary punishment in China started late,the number is large.A perfect system needs to stand the test of the rule of law,and the system of disciplinary punishment is no exception.Considering that China’s legislation on dishonesty punishment has a late start and a large number,it has been studied to ensure that it runs reasonably on the track of rule of law.Through research on a large number of disciplinary legislation on dishonesty,it is found that some laws have flaws in legitimacy.Among them,there are flaws of legitimacy at the formal level,and there are flaws of legitimacy at the substantive level.The flaws of formal legitimacy are reflected in the deviation from the principle of administration according to law and the violation of the principle of legal authority.Substantive legitimacy defects are manifested in violations of the improper connection prohibition principle,proportionality principle,and respect and protection of human rights principles.In addition,substantive legitimacy defects are also reflected in the reduction of citizens’ living care obligations.It can be seen that the flaws in the legitimacy of the disciplinary punishment system violated the principles of public law and violated the rights of the dishonest.Correcting the legal flaws in the current disciplinary measures against dishonesty is of great significance to the rapid development of our economy and the further improvement of the rule of law in China.The legality of disciplinary punishment can be solved through the following four points.First,the functional positioning of disciplinary punishment is correctly defined.The dishonesty punishment aims to solve the major dishonesty problems in some important areas.It should not try to build a perfect society with perfection.Then,improve the legislative level of disciplinary punishment.An important reason for the legitimacy of China’s dishonest punishment legislation is that there is no legislation at the legal level,which has led to the confusion of lower-level laws.Next,determine the boundaries of personal information protection.The current system of disciplinary punishment involves all aspects of citizens’ information.It should be explained what can be published,and it is forbidden to disclose information related to privacy.Finally,build a credit repair mechanism.Credit repair plays an important role in disciplinary punishment and cannot be ignored.更多还原