【作者】 张卫东；

【导师】 郭志远；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 法律硕士（非法学）（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 伴随着我国司法体制改革和法院现代化建设的不断推进,人民法院审判体系和审判能力的信息化被视为法院现代化改革的重要体现。以人工智能为代表的新一轮产业革命,给人民法院的信息化建设提供了有力的技术支撑。在这种背景下,我国各级法院积极引进前沿人工智能科技,在遵循司法规律的前提下,将科学技术与审判活动相结合,用科技助力法院的智能化和现代化建设。作为一项新兴技术,在司法裁判中引入人工智能,一方面促进了司法裁判的智能化水平,另一方面也带来一些新的问题和挑战。文章通过对我国人工智能在司法裁判中的应用现状进行梳理,结合当前的时代背景和技术水平,描述了人工智能在我国司法裁判中的应用场景和应用价值,总结出人工智能司法裁判面临的现实困境和可能带来的制度挑战,并提出相应的完善建议。本文首先介绍了人工智能司法裁判的应用缘起,从诉讼激增的现实需要、公正司法的时代诉求、法院信息化建设的时代背景和计算机云计算、司法数据处理、机器学习的技术支撑展开讨论;其次,介绍了人工智能在事实认定、法律适用、量刑、裁判监管四个层面的应用场景,以及对司法理性、公正、权威、效率的应用价值;然后,介绍了人工智能在司法裁判应用中面临的数据基础低质匮乏、算法模型隐秘偏差、复合型人才资源欠缺、系统开发与司法需求不匹配方面的现实困境,以及人工智能司法裁判带来的量刑机械化限制法官自由裁量权、法律形式主义削弱判决的实质正义、过度介入抑制法官的主观能动性、监督异化影响司法的独立性、算法独裁导致庭审虚置化方面的影响和挑战;最后,基于对前文的现状梳理和问题总结,尝试性的从数据优化、算法规制、人才建设、技术定位、裁判说理、法官亲历等方面提出一些完善对策,以期更好地促进两者的有机结合。在智能化的时代背景下,人工智能与司法裁判的技术整合是难以阻挡的趋势和潮流。对于人工智能在司法裁判中的应用,我们既不能盲目乐观,也不能一概排斥,而是应该辩证地看待,冷静地思考。在司法裁判领域引入人工智能技术时,我们一方面要看到它所带来的效益,另一方面也需要警惕它所带来的风险,应坚持人工智能的工具属性和辅助性定位,扬人工智能之长,补人类思维之短,实现技术理性、司法理性、人类理性的深度融合,共同促进司法裁判现实问题的解决。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the reform of the judicial system and the modernization of the court,the intellectualization of the trial system and trial ability of the people’s court is regarded as an important embodiment of the reform of the court modernization.The new round of industrial revolution represented by artificial intelligence provides strong technical support for the information construction of the people’s court.In this context,Chinese courts at all levels actively introduce frontier artificial intelligence science and technology,under the premise of following the law of justice,combine science and technology with trial activities,and use science and technology to help the intelligent and modern construction of courts.As a new technology,the introduction of artificial intelligence in the administration of justice,on the one hand,promotes the level of intelligence in the administration of justice,on the other hand,it also brings some new problems and challenges.By combing the present situation of the application of artificial intelligence in the judicial adjudication of our country,combining with the current background of the times and the technical level,this paper describes the application scene and application value of artificial intelligence in the judicial adjudication of our country,summarizes the practical difficulties and possible institutional challenges faced by the judicial adjudication of artificial intelligence,and puts forward corresponding suggestions for improvement.The article first,introduces the origin of the application of artificial intelligence judicial adjudication,from the realistic needs of the surge of litigation,the demands of the era of fair justice,the background of the construction of court information and the technical support of computer cloud computing,judicial data processing and machine learning.Secondly,it introduces the application scene of artificial intelligence in four levels: fact recognition,legal application,sentencing,judgment supervision,and the application value of judicial rationality,justice,authority and efficiency.Then,this paper introduces the practical difficulties of artificial intelligence in the application of judicial decision,such as low quality of data base,hidden deviation of algorithm model,lack of compound talent resource,mismatch of system development and judicial demand,and the influence and challenge of artificial intelligence judicial decision.Finally,based on the current situation of the previous combing and problem summary,try to put forward some perfect countermeasures from the aspects of data optimization,algorithm regulation,talent construction,technical positioning,referee reasoning,judge experience,so as to better promote their integration.Under the background,the technology integration of artificial intelligence and judicial decision is an unstoppable trend and trend.For the application of artificial intelligence in the judicial decision,we can neither blindly optimistic nor reject all,but should be dialectical,calm thinking.When introducing artificial intelligence technology in the field of judicial adjudication,on the one hand,we should see the benefits it brings,on the other hand,we should be vigilant about the risks it brings,we should adhere to the tool attribute and auxiliary orientation of artificial intelligence,promote the strength of artificial intelligence and supplement the short human thinking,so as to promote the deep integration of technical rationality,judicial rationality and human rationality,and jointly promote the solution of practical problems of judicial adjudication.更多还原