【作者】 李恒；

【导师】 周延军； 吕开河；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学(华东) ， 油气井工程， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 目前页岩气钻探开采过程中,水基钻井液侵入页岩储层引起的水锁损害和液相圈闭等问题越来越受到关注,严重影响到页岩气储层钻井安全及页岩气产能,甚至关系到页岩气藏的工业开采价值。因此,需要研发一种新型页岩储层保护水基钻井液体系。本文根据聚合物乳液独特性能及其优化理论,结合粒子表面自由基聚合机理,以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)、甲基丙烯酸十三氟辛酯(PFOMA)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为主要原料,在十二烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)乳化下及过硫酸铵(APS)的引发作用下,采用半连续核壳乳液聚合方法,制备了具有核壳结构的氟碳丙烯酸酯聚合物乳液,即聚合物乳液防水锁剂FCAM。利用红外光谱、表面元素分析,对聚合物分子结构进行了表征。通过热重分析、激光衍射粒度分布仪及接触角测试仪等手段,对热稳定性能、粒径及其分布和页岩接触角进行研究。运用页岩水化分散实验、线性膨胀实验、岩心自吸实验和岩心渗透率恢复实验对不同浓度的FCAM乳液体系进行综合性能评价,防水锁剂FCAM能有效降低体系表面张力,增大页岩接触角,将亲水的页岩表面反转为疏水疏油,具有较好的防水锁效果。在现有国内外页岩气储层保护钻井液体系的基础上,以新研制的页岩气储层防水锁剂FCAM作为主要处理剂,对钻井液处理剂进行了优选,构建了一套页岩气储层保护钻井液体系,并探讨页岩气储层保护作用机理。实验配方为:4%膨润土浆+1.0%SFY-1+1.5%FCAM+1.5%CMS+0.3%KPAM+2.0%RH-3。评价结果表明,该页岩气储层保护钻井液具有较好的流变性能、降滤失性能、抗污染性能,抑制性能较强,储层保护效果良好,有利于提高页岩气井的产量。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present,there is a very prominent problem that is water sensitive damage and liquid trap caused by water-based drilling fluid invasion in the process of shale gas drilling and exploitation,seriously affecting drilling safety and production of shale gas well,even related to the value of industrial exploitation of gas wells.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop a new type of water-based drilling fluid system that can protect shale reservoirs.Based on the unique properties of copolymer emulsions and their optimization theory,combined with the surface free radical polymerization mechanism,methyl methacrylate(MMA),methacrylic acid(MAA),PFMA and butyl acrylate(BA)are the main raw materials,Under the action of sodium alkyl benzene sulphonate(LAS)emulsification and ammonium persulfate(APS),a fluorinated acrylate copolymer emulsion with a core-shell structure was prepared using a semi-continuous core-shell emulsion polymerization process,the anti-water blocking agent FCAM.The molecular structure of the copolymer was characterized by infrared spectroscopy and XPS.Thermal stability,particle size and distribution,and shale contact angle were investigated by means of thermogravimetric analysis,laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer,and contact angle tester.The shale hydration dispersion experiment,linear expansion experiment,core self-priming experiment and core permeability recovery experiment were used to evaluate the comprehensive performance of different concentrations of FCAM emulsion system.The waterproof lock agent FCAM can effectively reduce the surface tension of the system and increase the page-to-page ratio.The contact angle of the rock reverses the surface of the hydrophilic shale into a hydrophobic and oleophobic effect,which has a good waterproof lock effect.Based on the existing shale gas reservoir protection drilling fluid system at home and abroad,a newly developed shale gas reservoir waterproof lock agent FCAM was used as the main treatment agent to optimize the drilling fluid treatment agent and construct a set of pages.Rock reservoirs protect drilling fluid systems and reveal the protective mechanism of shale gas reservoirs.The experimental formula was: 4% bentonite slurry + 1.0% SFY-1 + 1.5% FCAM + 1.5% CMS + 0.3% KPAM + 2.0% RH-3.The evaluation results show that the shale gas reservoir protection drilling fluid has good rheological properties,filtration loss resistance,anti-pollution performance and high temperature resistance,strong inhibition performance,excellent reservoir protection effect,and is conducive to improving shale Gas well production.更多还原