【作者】 王凡；

【导师】 李钢；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 环境工程， 2019， 硕士

【副题名】以华山和太白山为例

【摘要】 旅游地良好的生态环境是区域旅游业发展的前提条件和重要吸引物,旅游业过度开发必将增加旅游地的环境压力,因此近年来旅游环境质量研究逐渐成为重要议题。本文以旅游地多岛效应理论为主线,结合旅游地生命周期理论和旅游环境库兹涅茨曲线,以华山风景名胜区和太白山国家森林公园为研究区,以记录于树木年轮中的Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn等5种重金属元素为环境响应指标,解析其在研究区积累时序变化、来源及与景区游客数量之关系,进而探析旅游环境对旅游活动的记录特征与响应机制。结果表明:(1)随着时间的变化,树木年轮中的重金属含量均呈上升趋势,且5种重金属含量对景区在不同生命周期阶段的旅游开发与发展的响应程度存在差异,其中在处于参与阶段的景区环境中所积累的Ni与Zn含量率先响应景区变化,呈显著性增加,进入发展阶段Cr与Cu含量增加明显,最后处于发展后期的景区中5种重金属皆有显著性的增长,整体上与旅游地所处的生命周期阶段一致;(2)游客数量与五种重金属的对数呈显著的正相关关系,即游客数量增加,旅游活动强度增加,旅游地重金属岛效应明显;(3)根据5种重金属含量对数两两相关分析的结果,可推断5种重金属的主要来源基本一致,但华山风景区中Zn和太白山森林公园的Cr可能还有其它来源;(4)拟合景区环境中重金属含量与旅游发展关系的环境库兹涅茨曲线皆呈“U”型,即两者的关系并不呈线性,环境重金属含量随旅游发展先减少后增加,且不同重金属的曲线的转折点不同,其中Zn、Cu相对于其余重金属元素,对景区的旅游业发展更敏感;(5)整合时间、空间、关系三个维度构建了旅游景区旅游发展与环境响应机制分析框架,其是由利益相关者综合作用的结果,协调二者关系需要多方面的协力互助。更多还原

【Abstract】 The favorable ecological environment of tourism is the prerequisite and important attraction of regional tourism development.The excessive development of the tourism industry will increase the environmental pressure of the tourist destination.Therefore,studies on the quality of tourism environment have become an important issue in recent years.This study is based on the theory of Destination Island Effects,and combines the theory of Destination Life Cycle and the tourism environment Kuznets curve.The contents of the five kinds of heavy metal elements(Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,Zn)were analyzed,which were gathered from the tree-rings in Huashan Mountain Scenic Area and Taibai Mountain National Forest Park,to discuss their accumulation and sources at different temporal stages in the scenic areas,and compare with the environment Kuznets curve to further analyze their relationship with the scenic tourism revenue,and build Response Mechanism of Heavy Metal Island Effect in tourism development and tourism environment.The results show:(1)The content of the five kinds of heavy metal elements were significant different in the study area with the development of tourism in different stages,in which the accumulated Ni and Zn contents in the scenic environment were significantly increased at involvement stage,and the content of Cr and Cu increased obviously at the development stage.The five kinds of heavy metals were significantly increased at the later development stage,which were consistent with the life cycle of the tourist area.(2)The tourism income has a significant positive correlation with the logarithm of five kinds of heavy metals,that is,the increase of tourism income accompany with the increase of tourism activity intensity,and the effect of heavy metal island in tourism area.(3)According to the results of logarithmic correlation analysis of five kinds of heavy metals,it is inferred that the five heavy metals are basically from the same sources,which mainly include the traffic discharge of the scenic area,and other sources for Zn from Huashan mountain and Cr from Taibai mountain may still exist.(4)The content of heavy metals in the scenic area and tourism development environmentKuznets curve were "U" type,that is,the relationship between them is not linear.Environmental heavy metal content decreased firstly and then increased with the tourism development,and the turning points of the curve of different heavy metals vary,in which Zn and Cu are more sensitive to the development of tourism than the rest of the heavy metals.(5)The analysis framework for response mechanism of tourism environment to tourist activities was constructed through the government,enterprises,tourists and scenic management units and other stakeholders.The coordination of the relationship need the mutual assistance from combined effect of the various needs.Finally,the directions and issues of future studies are figured out.更多还原