【作者】 李晶；

【导师】 王京刚； 盖青青；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 环境工程（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 随着烟气脱硝技术的广泛应用,电厂更换下来的脱硝催化剂中含有V2O5、WO3、MoO3等环境毒物和重金属,若这些废催化剂处置不当,又将给环境造成严重的污染和破坏以及资源的浪费。所以失活催化剂的再生利用也逐渐成为持续发展的重要环节。本研究通过脱硝催化剂资源化市场分析,调研我国相关煤炭企业,对其火力能源运行、催化剂市场、乃至效益进行分析。本实验在通过利用 SEM、TEM、XRF、XRD、ICP、TPD、TPR、BET等测试方法,分析我国几大主要电厂新鲜催化剂和失活催化剂,探索国内催化剂失活的主要原因及机理,通过实验总结发现:(1)脱硝催化剂失效原因一般分为物理性的积灰和堵塞、烧结冲蚀以及化学中毒。(2)化学中毒又分为:碱金属中毒、钙盐中毒、As重金属中毒、P中毒、卤素F/Cl中毒、SO2中毒。通过对国内外再生催化剂公司、以及催化剂再生市场进行调研,找到再生技术存在的风险及发展建议,进行一系列的再生实验,实验内容如下:(1)催化剂除灰。(2)物理清洗实验。(3)化学清洗实验。(4)催化剂活性浸渍实验。(5)催化剂顶端可以通过水玻璃浸渍和干燥达到一定的硬度恢复效果。(6)确定了催化剂再生的一般工艺流程及初步设计。通过考察实验找到催化剂的活性及其主要影响因素,对催化剂再生进行了中试工艺开发的实验,检验催化剂再生工艺流程的经济性及可行性,从测试结果可以看出,再生后的催化剂寿命稳定,经过12天的连续测试,催化剂的活性能稳定保持在80%左右。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the wide application of flue gas denitrification technology,the replaced denitrification catalysts in power plants contain environmental toxicants and heavy metals such as V2O5,WO3 and MoO3.If these waste catalysts are not properly disposed of,they will cause serious pollution and destruction to the environment and waste of resources.Therefore,the regeneration and utilization of deactivated catalysts has gradually become an important part of sustainable development.Through the market analysis of denitrification catalyst resources,this study investigates the largest coal enterprise in China(Shenhua Group),and analyses its fire energy operation,catalyst market,and even benefits.In this experiment,fresh catalysts and deactivated catalysts were analyzed by means of SEM,TEM,XRF,XRD,ICP,TPD,TPR and BET,and the causes and mechanisms of deactivation of catalysts were explored.(1)The reasons for the failure of denitrification catalysts are generally divided into physical ash accumulation and blockage,sintering erosion and chemical poisoning.(2)Chemical poisoning can be divided into alkali metal poisoning,calcium salt poisoning,As heavy metal poisoning,P poisoning,halogen F/Cl poisoning and SO2 poisoning.Through the investigation of domestic and foreign regeneration catalyst companies and catalyst regeneration market,the risks and development suggestions of regeneration technology are found.A series of regeneration experiments are carried out.The experimental contents are as follows:(1)Catalyst ash removal.(2)Physical cleaning experiment.(3)Chemical cleaning experiment.(4)Catalyst activity impregnation experiment.(5)The hardness of the catalyst can be restored by soaking and drying with sodium silicate.(6)The general process and preliminary design of catalyst regeneration were determined.The activity of catalyst and its main influencing factors were found through the investigation experiment.The pilot-scale process of catalyst regeneration was developed.The economy and feasibility of catalyst regeneration process were tested.From the test results,it can be seen that the life of regenerated catalyst is stable.After 12 days of continuous test,the activity of catalyst can be maintained at about 80%.更多还原