【作者】 孙涛；

【导师】 万德成；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 船舶与海洋工程， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 自从我国实行改革开放的政策开始,国民经济进入了发展的快车道,各个领域的成就在全球逐渐占据重要地位。在此期间,我国在发展的同时也消耗了大量的能源和资源,“先发展后治理”的粗放型经济导致对能源资源的利用效率较低,而大量排放的温室气体的排放总量世界第一。在我国能源资源消耗和温室气体排放的领域中,船舶海洋领域的比重相当大,需要更多的关注。随着全球能源资源节约和环境保护意识的增强,人们开始意识到“绿色造船”的重要性。为此,国际海事组织顺应时代的需求设立了“船舶能效设计指数（EEDI）”来衡量船舶的节能环保性能^[1]。为了兼顾船舶运营效益与环境成本,船舶设计技术的改革创新与节能技术的应用就应时而生。主要包括:优化船型,降低船体阻力;开发新型高效的推进装置,发展诸如风能和太阳能等新的助推方式;优化动力装置及其配套设备;开发水动力节能装置^[2]。相对于其它的船舶节能技术,节能装置具有成本低、节能效果好以及安装方便等优点,也越来越多的受到船东的青睐,常见的节能装置包括伴流补偿导管和前置预旋导管等。船舶节能装置的节能效果会受到其尺寸参数的影响,而通过模型试验来研究尺寸参数对节能装置节能效果的影响成本较高。随着计算机技术的发展以及数值方法的进步,通过CFD数值计算研究节能装置参数变化对其节能效果的影响可以有效降低成本,并且可以提供精确的压力和尾流场信息,有效的对节能装置的节能效果进行评估。本文的数值研究工作基于上海交通大学万德成教授课题组自主开发的水动力学CFD求解器naoe-FOAM-SJTU,该求解器包含了重叠网格模块和多级物体运动模块等,可以准确的模拟船舶运动过程中和螺旋桨的相对运动,满足本文研究节能装置对船尾螺旋桨的节能效果的目的。对于两种前置节能导管的相关参数变化对节能效果的影响进行了数值计算与分析。本文根据2015东京CFD研讨会标准算例进行数值计算,以标准船型JBC（Japan Bulk Carrier）为载体,对伴流补偿导管的长度、进出口直径以及与螺旋桨的间距等参数进行数值计算与研究,对前置预旋导管的长度和定子个数等参数进行了数值计算与分析。并通过计算推进效率和螺旋桨功率两种方式评价伴流补偿导管和前置预旋导管的节能效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the reform and opening up,China has been experiencing rapid economic and social development.However,during the period,a huge energy consumption and low efficiency result in a large number of greenhouse gases,of which the shipping industry accounts for a large proportion.With the awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection enhanced,the concept of“green shipbuilding”has been widely recognized and respected.The development and implementation of the EEDI standard is an important measure of CO₂ energy efficiency by representing the environmental costs of the social benefits created by per unit of vessel transport volume.In order to balance the operating efficiency and environmental costs of ships,the innovation of ship design technology and application of energy saving technology come into being.Mainly including:optimizing the ship and reducing hull resistance;the development of efficient propulsion and new boost mode;optimizing the power plant and its supporting equipment;developing hydrodynamic energy saving device.Compared to other energy saving technologies for ships,energy saving devices have the advantages of low cost,significant energy saving effect and easy installation,more and more favored by the ship owner.There are some common energy saving devices including wake equalizing duct and pre-swirl duct.The effect of energy saving device for ships will be affected by its size parameter,but it costs too much to study the size parameters of energy saving device by using model test method.With the development of computer technology and the progress of numerical methods,the size parameters can be studied at low cost and high efficiency and the accurate pressure and wake field information can be presented.The work of the paper is based on the CFD solver naoe-FOAM-SJTU developed by Professor Wan’s team for solving hydrodynamic problem of ship and ocean engineering,in which the overset grids technology is used to calculate the total viscous flow field.In the paper,numerical calculations are carried out according to the 2015 Tokyo CFD Symposium and JBC（Japan Bulk Carrier）is used as the carrier to study the length,diameter of the inlet and outlet,and the pitch from the propeller of wake equalizing duct,as well as the length and numbers of stator of pre-swirl duct.The energy saving effect is evaluated by propulsion efficiency and output power of propeller.更多还原