【作者】 张浩；

【导师】 孙建华； 陈展；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 计算机应用（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 采购作为企业生产经营过程中的一项重要活动,在企业发展过程中起着关键作用。采购过程中可能发生的风险,不仅影响采购预期目标的实现,甚至影响企业战略发展的目标实现。随着信息化技术的普及,电子采购已发展成为主流的方式。企业通过使用电子采购的方式,在开展采购活动的过程中最大限度的利用互联网信息和信息化技术做到对企业采购过程管理,充分整合企业、市场资源,最大限度降低供求双方的成本,提高企业的核心竞争力。然而,目前电子采购停留在流程自动化、数据电子化的程度,对于智能决策支持不足,无法服务企业采购活动辅助决策,更不能将电子采购过程中各风险因素整合和关联起来,形成多要素风险决策模型,对电子采购过程进行有效控制。为优化电子采购平台,使其在企业采购活动中不仅作为一种管理工具,还可为企业采购提供客观、有效的辅助决策依据。本文以国内某研究院电子采购管理平台为例,从风险管理角度切入,详细分析了研究院采购流程,对其中现金流、库存量、盈利目标、供应商、物流等环节的风险点进行研究和识别,针对电子采购平台流程和环节复杂,控制点众多的特点,通过将采购流程进行分解分析及风险调查,识别主要风险因素,然后针对电子采购过程风险因素既具有独立性,相互之间又具有关联性,利用风险矩阵研究风险因素内在关联性,从而将原来各分隔的风险点有机联系起来,提出多因子关联的采购风险指标体系,并引入模糊综合评价法(Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process-Fuzzy,AHP)作为风险评价模型,最后通过模型实现及仿真验证,通过模型计算后的结果可有效提升研究院采购活动的风险管理能力。本文研究主要针对研究院的采购活动创新提出了研究院电子采购平台多因子风险管理模型,该模型通过识别研究院电子采购中的风险因素,并分析风险因素间的关联关系,运用模糊综合评价法建模,通过模型实现及实例仿真,验证了研究院电子采购平台多因子风险管理模型在研究院电子采购活动中风险管理功能的有效性,能够为研究院的采购活动提供辅助决策依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The procurement risk not only affects the realization of the enterprise’s expected target,but also the strategic development.With the popularization of information technology,e-procurement becomes more and more mainstream.The range of E-procurement has been extended,through purchasing behavior,by using information technology and the internet,for the whole procurement management at the same time,it makes the resources of the enterprise integrated effectively,help lower the costs of the two sides of supply and demand,it can also makes the enterprises more competitive at the market.However,at present,e-procurement mainly focuses on the automation of process and the data digitization,which is insufficient for int elligent decision making,and can not serve the enterprise assistant decision well.Widespread problems is that the risk factors in e-procurement cannot be associated and integrated,formed multiple risk factors decision models to help effective ly controlling and optimizing the e-procurement process.This thesis gives a certain institute of domestic electronic procurement management platform as an example,from the perspective of risk management analysis of cash flow,inventory,profit targets,suppliers,l ogistics and other related links and study and identify e-procurement risks,establishes e-procurement risk factors evaluation index system,uses the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process,Fuzzy AHP)as a risk evaluation model,and implements the e-procurement risk assessment analysis.The main work includes: firstly,it analyzes the procurement risk of the institute with the risk management theory to identify the major risk factors.Secondly,it identifies the main risk factors by the decomposition and analysis of the procurement process and investigation in view of the complex process and links of e-procurement platform.Thirdly,it uses the risk matrix analytical method to study the dependency between risk factors,for the relation between them in e-procurement process is independent and related,and put forward an index system of multiple risk factors associated with purchasing.Finally,it uses the fuzzy AHP evaluation method to analyze the risk factors of the index system,and give s the decision-making basis of E-procurement.更多还原