【作者】 杨俊；

【导师】 叶欣；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 国际法学， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,随着民用航空运输业的蓬勃发展,民航领域法律争议层出不穷。国际民用航空纠纷的解决机制包括协商、调解、诉讼和仲裁等。基于其专业特性和实践需要,民航领域有必要构建起一个行业契合性更强的纠纷解决体系。国际民用航空商事仲裁既能缓解法院“案多人少”的现实困境,又能尽快修复商事关系,保障公平正义。当前中国民用航空运输业发展迅猛,成为全球第二大航空市场。然而,我国民用航空纠纷解决机制发展起步晚、仲裁体系不健全。国际民用航空商事仲裁具有鲜明且独特的优势,不能与传统的国际商事、海事仲裁相混淆。因此,我们应当构建起常态化的国际民用航空商事仲裁制度、推动其继续沿着独立法律部门的道路逐渐发成熟。除去绪论和结论,本文四个部分的内容大体如下。第一部分,主要论述国际民用航空纠纷及解决机制。首先简要介绍国际民用航空纠纷,回顾了国际民用航空纠纷的相关解决机制并对其进行优劣分析。然后从可仲裁性的标准及扩张出发,将国际民用航空纠纷纳入可仲裁性范围之中,从而为下文国际民用航空商事仲裁制度的发展及完善提供坚实的理论及实践基础。第二部分,从历史沿革和法律渊源两个角度梳理国际民用航空商事仲裁制度新近的发展概况,通过与诉讼、调解这两种方式进行优势评估,突出航空仲裁独特的重要地位。然后从纵向层面与国际商事仲裁制度、从横向层面与国际海事仲裁制度进行比较,表明构建起完备的国际民用航空商事仲裁制度有其必要性。最后针对国际民用航空商事仲裁制度的发展趋势提出一些构想。第三部分,主要探讨国际民用航空商事仲裁制度的主要内容包括仲裁协议、仲裁机构以及仲裁管辖权。然后从《蒙特利尔公约》中的航空仲裁制度出发,评析这一制度对于中国航空仲裁实践的启示。其次采用比较研究方法分析美国和英国相关经验,尤其是对近来波音公司空难事件进行评析。在此基础上,总结域外仲裁制度的相关规定以及运行经验对中国的借鉴,为下文的对策分析进行铺垫。第四部分,首先从国内外层面对我国民用航空纠纷解决的现状进行了考察,并对相关问题展开剖析。最后,针对如何解决我国民用航空商事仲裁制度当下所面临的现实问题,从航空仲裁协议、航空仲裁机构、航空仲裁管辖权以及其他法律问题四个方面提出了完善的建议。一方面,能助力我国在打造“一带一路”国际运输大通道、大力发展航空运输事业的同时,构建并完善相应的纠纷解决机制;另一方面,推动我国积极参与国际航空争议规则的制定、提升我国航空界在国际市场的话语权。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,with the vigorous development of the civil aviation industry,legal disputes in the civil aviation field have emerged one after another Relevant resolution mechanisms for commercial disputes in the international civil aviation field include negotiations,mediation,litigation and arbitration,etc.,There is a very necessary to build a more diversified dispute resolution system that is more eff-icient and more in line with industry characteristics,based on its professional characteristics and practical needs.The international civil aviation commercial arbitration system can alleviate the current dilemma of the court’s"multiple cases and fewer people",and can repair commercial relations as soon as possible to ensure the realization of fairness and justice.At present,China’s air transport industry is developing rapidly and becoming the second largest aviation market in the world.However,China’s civil aviation dispute resolution mechanism has developed late and the system is not perfect.The international civil aviation commercial arbitration has distinct and unique advantages,it cannot be confused with traditional international commercial arbitration and international maritime arbitration.Therefore,we should build a normalized international civil aviation commercial arbitration system and promote its gradual maturity along the path of the independent legal department.In addition to the introduction and conclusion,the contents of the four parts of this thesis are as follows.The first part mainly discusses international civil aviation disputes and its settlement mechanisms.First,there is a brief introduction to international civil aviation disputes,reviewing the relevant resolution mechanisms of international civil aviation disputes and analyzing their advantages and disadvantages.Then,starting from the arbitrability standards and its expansion,the international civil aviation disputes are included in the scope of arbitrability,thus providing a solid theoretical and practical basis for the construction and improvement of an international civil aviation commercial arbitration system.The second part combs the development of the international civil aviation commercial arbitration system from the perspectives of historical evolution and legal origin.Through the evaluation of advantages with litigation and mediation,the unique status of aviation arbitration is highlighted.Then compares it with the international commercial arbitration system from the vertical level and the international maritime arbitration system from the horizontal level,to highlight its necessity of the construction of independent international civil aviation commercial arbitration system.Finally,some ideas were put forward to promote the development of the international civil aviation commercial arbitration system.The third part mainly discusses the main contents of the international civil aviation commercial arbitration system including arbitration agreement,arbitration institution and arbitration jurisdiction.Then,based on the aviation arbitration system in the Montreal Convention,the author gives an analysis of the implications of this system for China’s aviation arbitration practice.Secondly,comparative research methods are used to analyze the relevant experience of the United States and the United Kingdom,especially the recent Boeing company air crash incidents.On this basis,the enlightenment of the experience of the operation of the overseas arbitration system on China is summarized,which paves the way for the following analysis of countermeasure.The fourth part,first of all,examines the status quo of China’s civil aviation dispute resolution from the domestic and international levels,and analyzes related issues.Finally,in order to solve the practical problems faced by China’s civil aviation commercial arbitration system,it puts forward perfect suggestions from four aspects:aviation arbitration agreement,aviation arbitration institution,aviation arbitration jurisdiction and other legal issues.On the one hand,it can help China build and improve the corresponding dispute resolution mechanism while building the“One Belt,One Road”international transportation channel and vigorously develop the air transportation industry;on the other hand,it can promote China’s active participation in the formulation of international aviation dispute rules and improve the voice of China’s aviation industry in the international market.更多还原