【作者】 王凯；

【导师】 罗鹏；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 体育建筑在设计时需要综合考虑多种因素,是一种区别于普通建筑的功能复杂的大型公共建筑。在严寒地区,体育建筑与这种严苛的气候环境之间的矛盾日渐突出,因此,适应气候的可持续性设计也成为了严寒地区体育建筑的设计重点。目前关于气候适应性设计的方法与策略众说纷纭,无法快速有效的指导严寒地区体育建筑的设计与优化。如何能够建立具有严寒特色的评价体系,明确多个影响因子对最终成果的影响机制与评价标准,在方案设计阶段实现设计与反馈修改的闭环关联逻辑,对高效实现体育馆的节能可持续设计具有重要的研究意义。在此背景下,本文通过剖析严寒气候与体育馆之间的矛盾问题,提出适应此气候的体育建筑的概念性评价模型;依据国内外相关规范与文献的研究、实地体育馆的调研分析、专家的专业建议确立评价体系的评价指标与标准,结合统计学运算方法计算出各指标影响权重,建立评价体系的综合评价模型;开发与制作严寒地区体育馆气候适应性评价体系的测评工具,以设计方案为例,结合性能模拟工具,应用测评工具评价与分析。首先,本文通过对气候特征的研究分析出严寒地区体育建筑存在的问题。针对这些问题,结合气候适应性相关理论与建筑评价体系的研究提出了本文评价体系的概念模型。而后,根据对国内关于严寒气候、体育馆建筑相关规范标准、既有的专业学术研究成果的剖析,建立评价指标初选库。根据实地调研结果,结合使用者与专家的建议对指标初选库进行两轮筛选,确定最终6个一级指标、23个二级指标、57个三级指标的评价体系指标库。利用AHP层次分析法计算评价指标的权重,借鉴模糊综合评价方法并进行适当简化得出最终的综合评价模型。最后,结合相关技术手段,将已经建构的严寒地区体育馆气候适应性评价体系转化成个人可利用计算机操作的评价工具。随后选取一个具体设计方案,结合Honeybee、Ladybug、fluent17.0相关模拟手段,对不能直接读取的评价内容进行模拟预估后,利用开发的评价工具对其进行评价,并解析评价结果,为其日后的方案优化指明方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Gymnasium needs to consider a variety of factors in the design stage,which is a large public building with complex functions different from ordinary buildings.In severe cold regions,the contradiction between gymnasium and the harsh climate environment is becoming more and more serious.Therefore,the sustainable design of adapting to climate has become the focus of gymnasium design in cold regions.At present,there are different opinions on the methods and strategies of climate adaptability design,which can not quickly and effectively guide the design and optimization.It is a great significance to establish an evaluation system featuring severe cold regions,to clarify the correlation mechanism and evaluation criteria among multiple influencing factors,to realize the closed-loop logic of design and feedback modification in the stage of designing,and to realize the sustainable energy-saving design of gymnasiums efficiently.Under this background,this paper puts forward a conceptual evaluation model of gymnasium adapted to the cold climate by analyzing the contradiction between the climate and the gymnasium.According to the research of relevant norms and documents,the investigation and analysis of gymnasiums and the professional suggestions of experts,the evaluation indexes and standards of the evaluation system are established.The influence weight of each index is calculated by combining the statistical calculation method,and the comprehensive evaluation model of the evaluation system is established.Evaluation tools for climate adaptability evaluation system of gymnasiums in cold regions is developed.Taking actual design scheme as an example,combined with performance simulation tools,evaluation and analysis of evaluation tools are applied.Firstly,through the study of climate characteristics,this paper analyses the problems of gymnasiums in cold regions.In order to solve these problems,the conceptual model of this evaluation system is put forward based on the related theories of climate adaptability and the research of building evaluation system.Then,according to the analysis of the relevant standard of the cold climate,the gymnasium and the existing professional academic research results,the primary evaluation index database is established.According to the results of field research,combined with the suggestions of users and experts,two rounds of screening were carried out to determine the evaluation system index database which consists of the final six first-level indicators,23 second-level indicators and 57 third-level indicators.Using AHP to calculate the weight of evaluation index,using the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation for reference and simplifying appropriately,the final comprehensive evaluation model is obtained.Finally,combined with relevant technical means,the climate adaptability evaluation system of gymnasiums in cold regions has been constructed and transformed into an evaluation tool that can be operated by personal computer.Then a specific design scheme is selected,and the evaluation contents that can not be read directly are simulated and predicted by using Honeybee,Ladybug and fluent 17.0 simulation methods.After that,the evaluation tools are developed to evaluate the results,and the evaluation results are analyzed to indicate the direction for the future optimization of the scheme.更多还原