【作者】 金铭；

【导师】 曹健；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 机械工程（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 压力控制阀是充液成形工艺液压系统中的重要元件,由压力控制阀决定的系统压力与最大流量直接影响着制造零件的尺寸、效率以及质量。充液成形工艺以液体作为传力介质代替刚性模具,其中,以水作为工作介质具有低成本、环境友好、安全性高等优点。但目前水液压元件存在易受气蚀破坏、压力控制不稳定的不足,大流量水压控制阀在国内市场仍属空白。本课题以高压大流量水压控制阀作为研究对象,主要解决上述两点不足。在结构设计方面,进行阀主体、传动机构及其余附属结构的设计,制造水压控制阀的原型机。通过在阀芯节流口上部设计凹槽结构以达到减少因气穴引起的气蚀破坏的目的,并使用CFD分析工具,通过对比分析验证了阀芯结构设计的合理性。为了解决一般大流量水压控制阀因使用先导阀而存在的压力波动、压力调节范围小的问题,使用伺服电机对阀芯直接进行驱动,目的是借助伺服电机高速响应的特点,通过闭环控制,获得较高的压力控制精度及压力稳定性。通过对系统中各部分进行数学建模,进行仿真分析,仿真分为位置控制仿真与压力控制两部分。在位置控制中,重视阀芯位置控制无超调特性与抗扰动能力。在压力控制中,主要研究不同流量负载下,系统的响应特性,并通过增益补偿的方式,使不同流量下的压力响应达到一致。为水压控制阀搭建实验平台,包括硬件平台搭建与控制软件设计,并对水压控制阀的阀口开度控制特性进行了实验分析,实验结果与仿真结果相吻合。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pressure control valve is an important component in hydraulic system of hydroforming process.The system pressure and maximum flow rate determined by pressure control valve directly affect the dimension,efficiency and quality of manufacturing parts.The hydroforming process replaces rigid dies with liquid as force transfer medium.Water as working medium has the advantages of low cost,environment friendly and high safety.However,at present,water hydraulic components are vulnerable to cavitation damage and pressure control is unstable.Large flow hydraulic control valves are still blank in the domestic market.This article takes a high pressure and large flow hydraulic control valve as the research object and mainly solves the above two shortcomings.In the aspect of structure design,the main body,transmission mechanism and other subsidiary structures of the valve are designed,and the prototype machine of the hydraulic control valve is manufactured.The groove structure is designed on the upper part of the poppet throttle to reduce cavitation damage.The rationality of the spool structure design is verified by CFD analysis tool.In order to solve the problems of pressure fluctuation and small pressure regulation range of general large flow hydraulic control valves due to the use of pilot valves,servo motors are used to drive the valve directly.The purpose is to obtain higher pressure control accuracy and pressure stability through closed-loop control system with the help of the characteristics of high-speed response of servo motors.Through mathematical modeling and simulation analysis of each part of the system,the simulation is divided into position control simulation and pressure control.In position control,attention should be paid to the non-overshoot characteristic and anti-disturbance ability of spool position control.In pressure control,the response characteristics of the system under different flow loads are mainly studied,and the pressure response under different flow rates is consistent through gain compensation.The experimental platform for the hydraulic control valve is built,including the hardware platform and the control software design.The response characteristics of the opening of the hydraulic control valve are analyzed experimentally.The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results.更多还原