【作者】 张真；

【导师】 梁勇； 陈立平；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 农业信息化（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 病虫草害防治是我国农业生产过程中重要的田间作业之一。为实现对各种灾害的有效防治,需要对田间进行高效的农药施用工作。在施药过程中或施药后的一段时间内,药液喷洒过程中所形成的细小雾滴在不受外力控制的条件下容易在大气中迁移到非靶标区域,从而造成非靶标区的农药残留,造成地表水资源污染问题。测量喷雾飘移能够指导设定喷雾作业参数,以减少环境污染,同时指导施药缓冲区域设定。因此寻找高效的喷雾飘移量测量技术有十分重要的意义。本文在国内外相关学者的研究基础上,设计了利用多层激光扫描技术进行喷雾探测的方法,并建立了激光累计回波量与喷雾飘移量之间的关系模型,并应用关系模型开发了针对喷雾飘移量测量这一应用场景的数据处理系统。本文主要研究内容及结论如下:(1)针对现有植保喷雾飘移收集测量方式中试验用品无法重复利用、大量消耗人力及时间等问题。设计利用激光扫描技术对植保喷雾过程中顺风飘移喷雾进行探测,解决了喷雾飘移测量试验用品损耗率高且采集方式复杂的问题,减少了数据采集过程中对人力及时间的消耗。(2)针对现有植保喷雾飘移测量中收集样品易受污染、处理过程复杂、数据获取周期长等问题。利用试验数据建立了喷雾飘移量估算模型,实现了喷雾飘移采集样品相关数据的快速获取,并通过试验验证所得数据间存在相关关系。(3)针对激光测量喷雾飘移试验中无法实现实时数据处理及飘移量估算问题,研发了喷雾飘移量估算系统,能够实现数据获取、数据处理、喷雾飘移量估算、计算飘移特征值及飘移测量截面图像绘制及比对功能。实现了激光扫描数据的快速处理,改善了被动飘移收集器样品处理复杂的问题。用户能够对喷雾测量截面雾滴分布情况进行观察,并通过比对不同喷雾条件或时间节点下喷雾面图像差异观察喷雾面变化情况。(4)针对现有植保喷雾飘移测量中收集样品数据存储计算不便的问题,在喷雾飘移量估算系统中添加了被动收集试验数据处理模块,实现了对被动收集样品收集的快速存储及计算。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pest control is one of the important field operations in China’s agricultural production process.In order to achieve effective prevention and control of various disasters,efficient pesticide application in the field is required.During the application,small droplets easily migrate to the non-target area in the atmosphere without being controlled by external force,causing pesticides residue in the non-target area,and pollution of surface water resources.Measuring spray drift can guide the setting of spray operation parameters to reduce environmental pollution and guide the application of buffer zone settings.Therefore,it is very important to find an efficient spray drift measurement technology.Based on the research of related scholars,this paper designs a method of spraying detection by multi-layer laser scanning technology,and establishes a relationship model between laser cumulative echo quantity and spray drift quantity,and develops the relationship model.A data processing system for this application scenario for spray drift measurement.The main research contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)In view of the existing plant protection spray drift collection measurement method,the test articles can not be reused,and a large amount of manpower and time are consumed.The laser scanning technology is used to detect the downwind spray during the plant protection spray process,which solves the high loss rate of the spray drift measurement test article.The complicated collection method reduces the manpower and time consumption in the data collection process.(2)Aiming at the problem that the collected samples in the plant protection spray drift measurement are susceptible to pollution,the processing process is complicated,and the data acquisition period is long.The spray drift estimation model is established through the test data,and the data related to the spray drift collection sample is quickly obtained and tested.There is a linear correlation between the data obtained.(3)Aiming at the problem that the data processing and drift amount estimation cannot be realized in real time in the laser measurement spray drift test.A spray drift estimation system is developed,which can realize data acquisition,data processing,spray drift estimation,calculation of drift characteristic values and drift measurement cross section image drawing and comparison function.The rapid processing of laser scanning data is realized,and the problem of complicated sample processing of the passive drift collector is improved.The user can observe the droplet distribution of the spray measurement section and observe the change of the spray surface by comparing the difference of the spray surface image under different spray conditions or time nodes.(4)Aiming at the inconvenience of collecting sample data storage in the existing plant protection spray drift measurement.A passive collection test data processing module was added in the spray drift estimation system to realize fast storage and calculation of passive collection sample collection.更多还原