【作者】 李静；

【导师】 尹可秀；

【作者基本信息】 云南大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 如今,全球化使世界变得越来越小,越来越多的中国学生倾向于出国留学。目前,已有大量文章研究留学生在出国阶段的跨文化冲击与适应情况,然而,很少有人关心留学生回国后如何再适应的问题。关于如何预测归国留学生的心理适应状态的文章更是少之又少。实际上,很多回国人员发现,在国外居住过一段时间之后,再回国重新去适应传统文化,这对他们来说似乎比适应异国文化还要困难。与适应异国文化不同,他们不再是难以适应语言、气候、以及饮食习惯等外在环境,最主要的难题是如何克服心理上的障碍,重新适应之前生活的地方。因此,这篇文章从该角度出发,研究留学生回国后如何从心理上重新适应他们的传统文化,主要研究传统文化与异国文化间的文化冲突、文化距离以及各自的文化身份认同这一系列变量能否用来预测心理上的再适应(压力、焦虑、失落以及整体的心理再适应情况)。为了研究心里再适应过程中的可预测因素,作者采用了质性研究与定量研究结合的混合研究法。作者首先借助SPSS数据分析软件分析问卷调查收集到的数据,然后再结合定量数据分析得到的初步结果,进一步采取以采访形式进行的质性研究,进一步探索归国留学生的心理再适应过程的真实情况。调查结果表明文化冲击与传统文化身份认同感对心理再适应过程具有显著作用,文化差异对心理再适应过程也具有一定的作用。具体来说,传统文化身份认同感越强,心理再适应情况就越好,而较大程度的文化冲击与文化距离则不利于心理再适应过程。传统文化认同感对文化冲突也具有一定的影响作用。另外,回国人员的性别以及在国外居住时间的长短,对心理再适应情况同样具有一定的影响。在研究结果的基础上,文章给出三条建议来改善归国人员的心理再适应问题。一、个人沟通与社会交往有助于减少文化差距。二、回国前的心理准备有助于减轻心理压力。三、强烈的中华文化身份认同感帮助体会到回家的感觉。总之,归国人员对传统文化的不适应情况确实存在,并且因人而异。正是有些因素能够有效预测心理再适应情况,未来研究需要将等多的关注点放在归国人员的再适应问题上,以此来帮助他们更好的重新适应传统文化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Globalization makes the world a small village now and a growing number of Chinese students tend to go broad for study.While substantial literature exists exploring the adaptation of the entry period and culture shock encountered by individuals entering a foreign culture,much of the literature focusing on returnees’ readjustment to the home country when they come back is very limited.Insufficient research has been conducted to explore the predictors of readjustment of the repatriates.Actually,many returnees find it more challenging to readjust to their heritage culture,in which the returnees grew up,after spending a significant period of time abroad and then adjusting to the host culture,namely,the foreign culture they contact with in the period of living abroad.Instead of the maladjustment to the living environment of the host country,like language,weather,and eating habits,the main difficulties they have to overcome when coming back are their psychological readjustment to their home country.Thus,this thesis,focusing on this specific aspect,explored the psychological readjustment on re-entry to their heritage culture.This study mainly examined whether a set of variables,including perceived cultural distance,perceived cultural conflict between the home and host culture,and cultural identification with home and host culture,could predict psychological readjustment,which may be embodied in the feeling of stress,anxiety,depression as well as the overall psychological readjustment.In order to research the predictors of the psychological readjustment process,the author used a mixed method of qualitative and quantitative research.The author firstly analyzed the data collected in the questionnaire by the help of SPSS.Then based on the primary findings of the quantitative data analysis,a qualitative interview was conducted to better probe into the returnees’ deeper thoughts.The results show that cultural conflict and home culture identification are significantly associated with returnee’s psychological readjustment upon re-entry to their home culture,and perceived cultural distance also has a relative association with returnee’s readjustment.Specifically,strong heritage culture identification predicts better psychological readjustment,whereas greater cultural conflict and perceived cultural distance generally predict poorer readjustment.The heritage culture identification also have a significant influence on the cultural conflict.In addition,thereturnee’s gender and the length of staying abroad also play important roles in their psychological readjustment.Based on the research results,the author have proposed three suggestions to improve the returnees’ psychological readjustment.Personal and social communications help to reduce cultural distance.Psychological preparation before returning helps to avoid greater depression.Strong identification of Chinese culture helps to make sense of coming home.In conclusion,the returnees’ psychological maladjustment to the heritage culture does exist and various from person to person.Since some variables are significant in predicting the returnees’ psychological readjustment,future studies should draw more attention to the returnees’ re-entry process to help them better re-adapt to the home country.更多还原