【作者】 杨柳；

【导师】 蒋颖荣；

【作者基本信息】 云南大学 ， 伦理学， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 哈尼族是中国少数民族之一,主要分布在我国滇南地区。也分布在越南老挝、缅甸、泰国、越南等国的局部地区,是周边多国性少数民族。哭嫁存在于许多地区、许多民族。但在少数民族发展的历史文化背景下哭嫁却又大不相同。哈尼族人的一生是和音乐紧密相连的,历史上,哈尼族没有文字,大部分历史文化是靠歌曲来记录,通过口耳相传的方式,代代传承下来。“哭嫁歌”作为哈尼族婚俗歌中的一种,在哈尼族婚嫁习俗中占有重要的地位。哈尼族姑娘还在孩童时期就会自发的学习“哭嫁歌”,等到出嫁前新娘及新娘伙伴亲属都要进行哭嫁的仪式。“哭”和“唱”是完成新娘整个出嫁过程中一种重要行为方式。而唱“哭嫁歌”也不仅仅是种行为方式,其中唱法、歌词也在为我们呈现背后的伦理意义。婚恋、家庭,是女性生命中寄托感情的世界,从女儿到妻子、母亲角色的转变,是女性人生中一个重要的过渡。哭嫁完全是女性家庭伦理、社会关系之间变化的重要记录。本文将从女性主义关怀伦理学的角度,剖析哭嫁中所呈现的伦理意义和其中所反映的哈尼族的伦理思想。以云南省墨江县哈尼族的碧约支系为调查对象,文章第一部分对云南省墨江县的历史背景、地理背景、人文背景做详细的介绍。根据一些学者们提供的宝贵的田野调查资料,在第二部分详尽的展现出云南省墨江县哈尼族碧约支系的婚礼全过程,通过老人讲述的婚礼仪式、现代年轻人的婚礼仪式,解析哭嫁仪式的发展与变迁。再对哭嫁仪式的功能进行分析,将哈尼族碧约支系的伦理思想进行梳理。最后从女性主义关怀伦理的角度,通过哭嫁内涵的分析,将哈尼族碧约支系社会中存在的关爱关系、社会正义原则,和对女性的关怀展现在文章的分析中,挖掘更深层次关怀伦理对于少数民族女性的特殊意义。希望通过探析哈尼族碧约支系哭嫁的伦理思想,可以向大家呈现不同的社会历史背景下哭嫁背后的伦理意义和伦理现象。在未来社会制度与伦理思想共同发展的前景下,过去的也更值得保护和研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hani nationality is one of China’s ethnic groups and mainly inhabits in South of China.Hani people also spread across many countries such as Vietnam,Laos,Burma,and Thailand.Crying Marriage exists in multiple regions and nationalities.However,this ritual varies a lot in the historical and cultural development backgrounds of ethnic groups.The lives of the Hani people are closely related to music.In history,Hani people do not have the written language.Most historical and cultural traditions are recorded through songs and handed down from a generation to another generation by word of mouth.Crying Marriage Song,as one type of marriage songs in Hani nationality,holds an important position in marriage rituals of Hani people.Hani girls spontaneously learn the Crying Marriage song since they are kids.Before they are married,brides and their friends and relatives must conduct the Crying Marriage Ritual.Crying and Singing is a significant behavior for completing the whole marriage process.However,singing the Crying Marriage song is not only behavior but more importantly,conveys the background ethical significance through the way of singing and lyrics.Marriage and family are places where women find their emotional sustenance.The shift from daughters,wives,to mothers is a vital transition in women’s lives.Crying Marriage is totally an important record on changes of women’s family ethics and social relationships.This paper analyzes ethical significance and thoughts of Hani people presented from Crying Marriage of Biyue branch of Hani nationality in Mojiang County,Yunan province from the perspective of feminist care ethics.The first part of the paper describes the historical background,geographic background,and cultural background of Mojiang County,Yunan province in details.Based on the valuable field investigation documents provided by some scholars,the second part of the paper presents the whole marriage process of Biyue branch of Hani people,interprets the development and changes of Crying Marriage ritual by comparing the marriage form told by old people and modern young people’s marriage form,analyzes the function of this ritual,and summarizes the ethics thought within.The end part of the paper shows the caringrelationship,justice principles,and caring for women in the society of Biyue branch by analyzing the connotation of Crying Marriage from the perspective of the feminist care ethics and explores the special meanings of deeper levels of care ethics for women of ethnic groups.The author hopes to present ethical meanings and phenomena behind the Crying Marriage song in various social historical backgrounds by discussing the ethical thoughts of Crying Marriage of Biyue branch of Hani ethnic group.In the situation that the social system is developing together with the ethical thoughts,the past ritual deserves more protection and study.更多还原