【作者】 马超；

【导师】 钟澄； 孙道明；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 材料工程， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 柔性可充锌-空气电池具有比能量密度高、成本低、安全性好并且环境优势较大等诸多优点。在柔性能源器件器件领域,柔性可充锌-空气电池的应用前景巨大。目前相关报道中,所使用的锌电极还局限于热处理制备的商用锌箔、锌片或者锌线,不仅种类少而且对于锌电极的设计和研究更是过于单一。本文通过对现有柔性电源器件原型进行总结、分析,从两种角度设计了新型的柔性锌电极材料:多孔锌电极和锌线电极。在适用于柔性电池的基础上,着力提升锌电极种类和使用性能。通过电化学共沉积多孔铜工艺和化学镀铜工艺获得金属性柔性基体,为制备锌电极做好了基础,并且通过调节电沉积锌的相关参数,制备可用于柔性可充锌-空气电池使用的新型锌电极。新型锌电极的制备优点在于过程简单,成本低廉,不引入大功率能耗设备和机械装置。文章采用扫描电镜(SEM)对多孔铜薄膜、多孔锌电极、化学镀铜线以及锌线电极的形貌、结构进行了观察表征,用能谱分析(EDS)和X射线衍射分析(XRD)和场发射高分辨透射电子显微镜(TEM)对多孔铜薄膜、多孔锌电极、化学镀铜线和锌线电极的化学成分进行了检测和分析,系统分析总结了工艺参数(如硫酸铵、硫酸铜浓度、电流密度、沉积时间)对沉积样品表面形貌和结构的影响,并且将新型锌电极用于电池的组装和相关性能的测试。测试结果表明,以多孔铜薄膜为基体的多孔锌电极和商用锌箔电极相比较,具有更优的充放电性能和锌保有率。虽然柔性特征存在缺憾,但是电池材料具有较好的研究和使用前景;以棉线为基体,经过中间步骤(化学镀铜处理)和最终步骤(电沉积锌处理)获得的柔性锌线电极进行组装的柔性可充锌-空气电池无论在弯曲状态下还是在正常状态下都具有良好的充放电性能和质量比能量密度。文章最后对本实验制备的柔性锌电极、柔性锌电极材料和柔性可充金属-空气电池测试标准等的发展方向和应用前景做了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Flexible rechargeable zinc-air battery has many advantages,such as high specific energy density,low cost,safety and environmentally friendly.In the field of flexible energy devices,the application of flexible rechargeable zinc-air battery is the most promising.In past reports,the use of zinc electrode is limited in the commercial zinc foil,zinc plate or zinc wire,not only less species but also the design of the zinc electrode is too simple.This work concludes the prototype of existing flexible energy device and designs two kinds of new type of flexible zinc electrode: porous zinc electrode and zinc wire electrode based cotton,which are able to apply for the flexible rechargeable zinc-air battery.Of course,we certainly try to improve the performance of the electrode and increase the kind of the electrode.Prepare the porous copper film by electrochemical co-deposition and flexible wire substrate by electroless copper plating for flexible metal substrates which basis for the preparation of zinc electrode.And the new zinc electrodes for flexible rechargeable zinc-air battery are prepared by adjusting the related parameters of electro-deposition.It is worth noting that the process in our work is simple and low cost,without using high power equipment and mechanical devices.In this paper,a scanning electron microscope was used to observe the morphology and structure of porous copper films,porous zinc electrodes,electroless copper plating wire and electrodeposited zinc wire.With EDS,XRD and TEM,the porous copper film,porous zinc electrode,electroless plating copper wire and the electro-deposited zinc wire are detected and analyzed.The effect of process parameters on the morphology and structure of the samples is systematically analyzed and summarized.,such as the concentration of ammonium sulfate,the concentration of copper sulfate,current density and deposition time.The flexible rechargeable zinc-air battery is assembled and tested using new zinc electrodes.The results show that the porous zinc electrode has better charge-discharge performance and higher zinc retention rate when is compared with the zinc foil electrode.Although the flexible feature is imperfect,the porous electrode has good prospects for research and use.Under bending state or the normal state,the flexible rechargeable zinc-air battery has better charge-discharge performance and specific energy density using the zinc wire electrode.The electrode uses cotton thread as the substrate and is sequentially treated with electroless plating copper and electro-deposition zinc.Finally,the development direction and application prospect of flexible zinc electrode in the work,flexible zinc electrode material and the standard of flexible rechargeable zinc-air test are discussed.更多还原