【作者】 陈晓；

【导师】 鲍贤清；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 现代教育技术（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会对于科学教育的重视日益增加,STEM教育的目标对象逐渐向低龄化延伸,面向儿童早期的STEM教育应运而生。而它不仅仅发生在正式的学校教育中,同时也发生在许多非正式学习环境中,越来越多的家庭也开始注重非正式学习环境中的教育职能。但国内在这方面的研究正处于起步阶段。在非正式学习环境下的STEM亲子活动中,以为家长提供支持的角度出发,该如何设计家长指导才能促进儿童学习效果?倘若家长采用了指导之后真正起到帮助儿童学习的效果了吗?这是我们需要关注的问题。因此,探索针对STEM类亲子活动的家长指导设计,分析亲子在活动中的学习过程与结果,总结家长指导为儿童学习带来的效果,从而为后人设计STEM类亲子活动中的家长指导提供实践依据和参考价值,是值得我们去探索和实践的。本文对STEM类亲子活动中的家长指导设计主要展开了准实验研究,研究内容包括:通过国内外文献研究分析当前STEM类亲子活动中家长指导设计的研究现状,参考借鉴前人已有的理论和实践经验开展研究;在家长指导单设计的过程中,归纳并分析STEM类亲子活动中有助于提升儿童学习效果的策略,包括提供先行组织者和提示对话行为。本研究选择以家长指导单作为载体呈现指导内容,针对具体的活动展开家长指导设计。为了验证家长指导的有效性并了解不同类型的家长指导内容对儿童学习的影响,研究者在社区、大学创客空间等非正式学习场所展开了准实验研究,通过对儿童学习结果的收集以及活动中亲子对话的量化和质性分析,得出家长指导中提供先行组织者能促进儿童学习的影响效果,而仅仅提示对话行为是不够的,二者结合可能达到更优效果。并对本研究提出了反思和展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasing attention paid by the society to science education,the target group of STEM education is gradually extending to the younger age,and STEM education for early childhood emerges at the historic moment.While it happens not only in formal school education,but also in many informal learning environments.At the same time,more and more families realize the importance of the educational functions in informal learning environments.But domestic research in this area is in its infancy.Thus,in the context of STEM parent-child activities,from the perspective of providing support for parents,we should pay more attention to explore that how to design parental guidance to improve children’s learning effect and how does it work.Therefore,it is worth our exploration and practice to explore the design of parental guidance for STEM parent-child activities,analyze the learning process and results of parent-child activities,and summarize the effects of parental guidance on children’s learning,so as to provide practical basis and reference value for future generations to design parent-child guidance for STEM parent-child activities.In this paper,parent-guidance design for STEM parent-child activities is mainly studied in a quasi-experimental way.The research contents include: analyzing the current literatures of parent-guidance design in STEM parent-child activities;referring to the existing theories and practical experience of predecessors for research.Besides,in the process of parents’ instruction sheet design,the researcher summarizes and analyzes strategies that can help improve children’s learning effect in STEM parentchild activities,including providing advance organizers and dialogue strategies.In this study,parents’ guidance sheet is selected as the carrier to present the guidance content,and parents’ guidance design is carried out for specific activities.In order to verify the effects of parental guidance and understand the effects of different parental guidance on children’s learning,researchers carries out the experiment at the community and the maker space,and concludes the different parental guidance effect on children’s learning effect through the analyzing of children’s learning results and parent-child dialogue.Moreover,the researcher puts forward reflection and outlook of this research.更多还原