【作者】 周云；

【导师】 王大军；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 教育经济与管理， 2019， 硕士

【副题名】以河南省Z大学为例

【摘要】 随着我国“双一流”建设的启动及不断推进,高校工作的节奏日益加快,教师的职业压力越来越突出,高校青年教师更是承压的主要群体。高校青年教师不仅承担繁重的教学和科研任务,同时面临诸如婚姻、生育、住房和职称晋升等现实压力,在诸多因素的影响下,青年教师面临着来自各方面的职业压力,适度的职业压力对于青年教师的成长有积极意义,但是,过度的职业压力对青年教师的职业生涯及心理健康有相当大的危害,而且也会对高校的可持续发展产生负面影响。当前,对高校青年教师职业压力问题的研究非常重要。本研究梳理了高校青年教师职业压力研究的相关理论,选取了“双一流”建设高校——河南省Z大学专门从事教学科研的青年教师为研究对象,设计了调查问卷和访谈提纲,经过因子分析得出职业压力源的八个因子(工作保障、学术科研、组织管理、考核与晋升、职业发展、角色职责、教学、人际关系)和职业压力反应的三个因子(生理反应、心理反应、行为反应)。运用描述性统计方法对Z大学青年教师职业压力现状进行分析;运用单因素方差分析法,对不同性别、年龄、教龄、婚姻状况、职称、孩子数量、学科类别、职称评聘类别、月工资水平的青年教师的职业压力程度和职业压力反应进行了差异分析;运用相关分析和回归分析,对职业压力源与总体压力感受、职业压力反应的关系进行了分析。研究结果显示,Z大学青年教师的总体压力程度较高,压力反应中等偏低,在工作保障、学术科研上感受到的压力最大。不同性别、年龄、婚姻、教龄、学科类别、月工资水平、孩子数量的青年教师,在职业压力源不同维度上,压力感程度具有显著性差异。不同性别、年龄、教龄的青年教师,在压力反应不同维度上具有显著性差异。职业压力源与总体压力感受、消极压力反应呈正相关关系,且职业压力源对总的职业压力感、职业压力反应有显著的预测作用。在研究结果的基础上,得出青年教师产生过度职业压力的原因:学校转型的影响、科研和教学的影响、学校管理体制的影响、考核与晋升的影响、教师自身发展与收入不足的影响。从学校制度和教师个人两个角度提出了缓解高校青年教师职业压力的对策,包括:构建以人为本的学校管理制度、建立有效的晋升评价体系、建立公平合理的薪酬水平及分配体系、高校青年教师自身应学会职业压力管理。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the construction of "double top-class" university,the pace of work in colleges is accelerating,the professional pressure of teachers is becoming more and more prominent,especially the young teachers in colleges and universities are the high-risk groups under pressure.Young teachers in colleges and universities not only untake the tasks of teaching,scientific research and other tasks,but also face realistic pressures such as marriage,fertility,housing and promotion of professional titles.Due to the influence of many factors,young teachers are faced with excessive professional pressure.Moderate professional pressure has a positive significance for the growth of young teachers.However,excessive occupational stress has a considerable harm to the career and mental health of young teachers,and it will also have a negative impact on the sustainable development of colleges and universities.At present,the research on the occupational stress of young teachers in colleges and universities is very important.This study combs the relevant theories of the research on the professional stress of the young teachers in colleges and universities,and designs questionnaires and interview outlines for the young teachers who are specialized in teaching and scientific research at Z University of Henan Province,which is a "double top-class" construction university.Eight factors of occupational stress sources(job security,academic research,organization and management,assessment and promotion,career development,role and responsibility,teaching,interpersonal relationship)and three factors occupational stress response(psychological reaction,physiological response,behavioral response)were obtained by factor analysis.Using descriptive statistical method to analyze the current situation of occupational stress of young teachers in Z University.Using the one-way analysis of variance,the differences in occupational stress and occupational stress responses of young teachers of different genders,ages,teaching ages,marital status,professional titles,number of children,subject categories,job title evaluation categories,and monthly salary levels were analyzed..By means of correlation analysis and regression analysis,the relationship between occupational stress source,overall stress feeling and occupational stress response was analyzed.The results of the study show that the overall pressure of the young teachers is relatively high,the stress response is low,the pressure on job security and academic research is greatest..Young teachers with different gender,age,marriage,teaching age,subject category,monthly salary level and the number of children had significant differences in the degree of stress in different dimensions of occupational stress sources.Young teachers with different gender,age and teaching age had significant differences in different dimensions of stress response.Occupational stressors are positively correlated with overall stress perception and negative stress response and occupational stressors have a significant predictive effect on overall occupational stress and occupational stress response.On the basis of the results of the study,the reasons for the excessive professional stress of young teachers are obtained.The impact of school transformation,the impact of research and teaching,the impact of school management systems,the impact of assessment and promotion,the impact of teachers’ own development and insufficient income.From the perspectives of school system and individual teachers,this paper puts forward some countermeasures to alleviate the occupational pressure of young teachers in colleges and universities,including: constructing a people-oriented school management system,establishing an effective promotion evaluation system,establishing a fair and reasonable salary level and distribution system,and the young teachers themselves should learn professional stress management.更多还原