【作者】 王涛；

【导师】 宋广林；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 以“人-竿”系统为核心的现代撑竿跳高技术,逐渐得到各界的广泛认可。本研究以2017年5月17日在济南举行的全国田径锦标赛暨全运会选拔赛男子撑竿跳高进入决赛的前4名运动员和2017年9月7日在天津举行的第十三届全国运动会男子撑竿跳高进入决赛的前5名运动员(成绩在5.30m及以上)助跑及起跳阶段的技术为主要研究对象,以其助跑及起跳阶段的技术参数为依据,立足于我国男子撑竿跳高运动的现状,对现阶段我国优秀男子撑竿跳高运动员助跑及起跳技术进行剖析。从持竿助跑及起跳技术关键技术环节的关键因素入手,寻找与世界高水平运动员的差距和个体存在的不足,期望能找出在助跑及起跳技术方面制约我国男子撑竿跳高成绩提升的普遍性问题,填补近年来我国男子撑竿跳高技术分析方面的空白,为今后的训练实践中的关键技术改进提供实证依据,以促进我国男子撑竿跳高成绩的进一步提升,并逐渐向世界水平靠拢。研究结果表明:1.我国优秀男子撑竿跳高运动员持竿助跑平均步数为17步,最后三步助跑步长总体表现为逐渐缩短的趋势,符合持竿助跑步长调节期的特征,最后三步步长差值较小,与世界优秀运动员均值差距较为明显。2.持竿助跑过程中,速度呈现逐渐上升的态势,前期助跑加速较为平稳,最后三步速度变化最为明显,其中以最后一步的速度变化最为明显,薛长锐一名运动员较为突出,倒一步平均速度最高可达10.26m/s,高出国际现有数据水平,其他运动员助跑平均速度均较世界优秀运动员水平偏低。3.运动员的步频随撑竿的降低而逐渐增大,插竿起跳前倒二步到倒一步之间撑竿的降低幅度最大,最后两步助跑撑竿降竿幅度平均值为19.155°,薛长锐与张逸帆两名运动员与世界优秀运动员相近,其他运动员数值偏大或偏低。4.我国优秀男子撑竿跳高运动员“自由式起跳”技术整体运用效果较差,表现为起跳离地瞬间水平速度损失率较高,重心合速度较小,起跳角度较大。5.上手握点投影点与起跳点之间的距离我国优秀男子撑竿跳高运动员均值为18.25cm,整体高于正常值,个体差异较大,本研究中上手握点投影点与距跳点之间的距离与运动成绩之间没有明显的相关性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Modern pole vaulting technology,has been widely recognized by all walks of life,centered on the “human-pole” system,.The study on May 17,2017,the national track and field championships and national games in jinan trials before the men’s pole vault final four athletes and held in tianjin on September 7,2017 the 13 th national games men’s pole vault final top five athletes(grades)in 5.30 m or more run-up and take-off phase of the technical parameters as the main research object,based on the present situation of our men’s pole vault movement,to the present stage our country outstanding man pole vaulter run-up and take-off technology are analyzed.From its key technology link rod run-up and take-off technology,the key factor of the gap with looking for high level athletes in the world and the shortage of individual expects to find out in the run-up and take-off technology restricting our men’s pole vault grades improve the universality of the problem,fill the men’s pole vault technology in China in recent years gap analysis,for the future of the key technical improvement of training practice provide empirical basis,in order to promote our country to further improve the men’s pole vault score,and gradually close to the world level.The research results show that:1.The average number of steps for Chinese elite male pole vaulter to run with the rod is 17,and the length of the last three steps is gradually shortened,which is in line with the characteristics of the long regulation period of the pole vault.The difference of the length of the last three steps is small,which is obviously different from the average of the world excellent athletes.2.A rod run-up process,the speed of rising gradually,previous run-up speed is relatively stable,the last three steps speed change is most obvious,of which the most obvious change is at the speed of the last step,Xue Changrui glaring,an athlete pour step the average speed of up to 10.26 m/s,higher than the international level of existing data,other athletes run-up average speed are relatively low levels of excellent athletes in the world.3.Athlete’s stride length that increases with the decrease of the pole,plug pole jump falls before step 2 to step between the reduction of the pole is the largest,the last two steps run down pole pole amplitude average 19.155 °,Xue Changrui and younglab sail two athletes andexcellent athletes in the world,numerical low or large than other athletes.4.The overall application effect of "free jumping" technology of elite male pole vaulter in China is relatively poor,which is reflected in the high loss rate of instantaneous horizontal speed from the ground,small center of gravity closing speed,and large starting Angle.5.The average distance between the projective point of the hand-holding point and the starting point is 18.25 cm,which is higher than the normal value on the whole,and the individual difference is large.In this study,there is no obvious correlation between the distance between the projective point of the hand-holding point and the distance between the jumping point and the athletic performance.更多还原