Y市M街道居家养老服务供给的问题与对策研究

【作者】 王菲；

【导师】 张宇； 刘定刚；

【作者基本信息】 扬州大学 ， 公共管理硕士（MPA）（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 低生育率和人口预期寿命的延长,导致中国人口从“少年中国”(1981年)迅速成长为“银发中国”(1999年)。此后,老年人口持续增长,大量的老年人口给经济增长、社会福利和养老保障体系等带来了巨大考验,怎么养老成为急需解决的社会问题。家庭养老的功能越来越弱化,养老机构不能完全满足老年人的个性化养老需求,居家养老应运而生恰巧弥补了两者的不足。本文从实际出发,针对Y市M街道居家养老服务供给的现状开展调查。首先运用文献搜集、资料整理、个案、抽样和实地访谈等方法,对Y市M街道老年人的居家养老服务需求和居家养老服务现状展开研究。然后分析其居家养老服务供给存在的主要问题和成因。最后,在基础研究的基础上,结合实际、相关理论知识,对比国内外的居家养老服务经验,针对优化Y市M街道居家养老服务供给提出对策建议。调查中发现,对于居家养老服务,老年人的需求比较多样,而且个体差异比较大,个人及家庭养老能力、养老需求层次等因素都对老年人选择居家养老服务内容产生影响。Y市M街道居家养老服务供给中存在的问题主要有:资源整合不足、供给能力不足、供需匹配度低、供给覆盖面窄等,供需间存在差异,老年人在居家养老方面多样化、多层次的需求难以得到满足。针对Y市M街道居家养老服务供给所存在的问题及产生的原因,本文提出如下建议:一是厘清职责定位,通过强化政府主导作用、培育发展社会组织来健全服务体系;二是优化资源配置,通过加快专业队伍建设、拓宽资金筹集渠道来提升服务能力;三是坚持需求导向,推进智慧养老、医养结合、组合服务来提升供给质效;四是优化宣传工作,通过拓宽宣传渠道、开展宣传活动来扩大有效供给。更多还原

【Abstract】 The low fertility rate and prolongation of life expectancy have led to the rapid growth of China’s population,which change our country from "juvenile China"(1981)to "silver China"(1999).The continuing growth of elderly population has brought tremendous challenges to economic growth,social welfare and old-age security system.Provision for the elderly has become an urgent social problem to be solved.The influence of family pension is becoming weaker and weaker and the old-age institutions can not fully satisfy the individual needs of the elderly.Against this backdrop,home-based pension comes into existence,which makes up for the old age support.The paper investigates and analyzes the current situation of home care service supply in M sub-district office of Y city.First,the paper clarifies the current situation and demand of home-based care service in M sub-district office of Y city by means of literature collection,data collection,case study,sampling and field interviews.Then it analyzes the main problems and causes of the home-based care service.Finally,with practical and relevant theoretical knowledge,the paper compares domestic and foreign home care service and puts forward suggestions on optimizing the supply of home care service in M sub-district office of Y city on the basis of fundamental research.In accordance with the survey,the needs of the elderly for home-based care service are diversified,especially the individual differences.The individual and family endowment abilities and the level of endowment needs exert an influence on the old-age service.The main problems of home-based care service supply in M sub-district office of Y city include lacking resources integration,insufficient supply capacity,low matching degree of supply and demand and narrow supply coverage,thus making it difficult to meet the diversified and multiple needs of the elderly in home-based care service.In view of the existing problems and the causes of the supply of home-based pension service in M sub-district office of Y City,the paper puts forward the following four suggestions.First,we shall clarify the responsibility orientation,improve the service system by strengthening the leading role of the government and cultivate social organizations.Second,it is essential to optimize the allocation of resources,improve service capacity by accelerating the construction of professional teams and broadening the channels of fund-raising.Third,it is inevitable to adhere to demand-orientation,thus promoting intelligent pension,combination of medical care and health and composite service to improve supply quality and performance.Last but not least,we’d better optimize the propaganda work and expand the effective supply by broadening the propaganda channels and carrying out propaganda activities.更多还原