【作者】 王慧敏；

【导师】 王东；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 工商管理， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 城市群作为区域经济的一种组织形式,已经普遍成为世界各国发展区域经济的战略选择。东京、芝加哥、纽约、伦敦和巴黎等世界级的五大城市群已经崛起并发展成熟。长三角、珠三角、京津翼作为我国三大发育较为成熟的城市群,虽然已经积累一定的发展经验,并在群内形成了一些互动合作机制,但每个城市各自为政,区域经济协作不足,要素流动明显受限。因此我国城市群的建设仍面临着诸如经济整体发展协调性不高、产业结构层次较低、结构同质化现象严重等效率低下的问题。新经济地理学被普遍作为研究经济活动空间区位或言地理集聚现象的重要理论基础。其将产业空间布局的结果归结为两种相反作用力,即外部性、市场潜力、运输成本减少、人力资本等为主要因素的“向心力”和要素不可移动性、要素成本、集聚成本等为主要元素的“离心力”。而罗森和罗巴克的RR空间均衡定理提供了一条更为简明的思路,以工资和租金溢价解释了在空间均衡过程中,不同附加值和土地需求的产业会分别向核心城市集聚和外围城市扩散的现象。本文在上述理论思想的指导下,以日本东京城市群为研究对象,基于1955-2013年的统计数据,选取五大代表性产业——制造业、销售业、金融保险业、房地产业、运输通信业,首先从产业和地区两个维度统计分析东京城市群的产业空间分异状况、总结东京城市群的产业空间分异特征,并初步证实这一现实特征与理论思想所阐述的规律一致;进一步,本文以制造业为研究对象,实证研究城市规模、土地价格、市场潜力和运输通信水平等因素对制造业产业空间分异形成的影响。其中,在关于制造业集聚与城市规模之间关系的假设上,本文从产业生命周期的角度思考,提出假设认为在制造业发展的初期,制造业更多集聚在规模较大的城市;而随着制造业发展成熟,其产业集聚渐趋集聚于规模较小的城市。结果显示,制造业产业集聚与城市规模之间确实存在非线性的倒“U”型关系;土地成本对制造业集聚具有显著的负面影响;市场潜力和运输通信水平正向影响制造业集聚。最后,结合结果启示和对东京城市群规划政策的借鉴,本文最后提出了合理的政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 As one of the organizational forms of regional economics,urban agglomeration has become the priority strategy for the whole world.Five of them---Tokyo,Chicago,New York,London and Paris have achieved great developments.Yangtze River Delta,Pearl River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region are the three most well-developed urban agglomerations in China.Although they have accumulated certain developing experience and have formed some cooperative mechanisms,there are still in lack of efficient cooperation and factor mobility between cities inside them.That’s why our constructions on urban agglomeration are faced with serious low-efficiency problems,such as poor coordination in overall economic development,low-level industrial structure and homogeneity in industrial structure,etc.NEG is widely taken as an important theoretical basis when studying the spatial location of economic activities or agglomerations.It attributes the industry spatial distribution to two opposite acting forces,centripetal force and centrifugal force.The former includes externality,market potential,decreasing transport cost and human capital,etc.The latter mainly consists of factor cost and agglomeration cost,etc.Using premiums between wage and rent,the RR spatial equilibrium theorem provides a more simplified way to explain the phenomenon of industry agglomeration and diffusion.Under the guidance of above theories,this thesis takes Tokyo Urban Agglomeration as research subject.Based on statistic data from 1955 to 2013 and focusing on the five most representative industries---manufacture,sales,finance&insurance,real-estate and transport&communication,this thesis first analyzes the industry’s spatial differentiation from two perspectives.And then,it conducts empirical study on the influencing factors of manufacture industry agglomeration,such as city size,land price,market potential and transport level.Especially,from the perspective of industry life circle,this thesis innovates on the hypothesis of the relationship between city size and manufacture industry agglomeration.Empirical results suggest the inverted “U” shape relationship between city size and manufacture industry agglomeration,moreover,manufacture industry agglomeration can be negatively influenced by land price and be positively influenced by market potential as well as transport level.Finally,combing empirical results analysis and Japanese government practice,this thesis proposes some suggestions on the construction of our domestic urban agglomerations.更多还原