【作者】 张伟；

【导师】 董世民； 王清平；

【作者基本信息】 燕山大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会的进步,能源由于短缺和污染的问题已经不能满足人类的需求和社会的发展,新型无污染的可再生能源的开发应用势在必行。海洋中蕴含着大量清洁可在生能源,其中海浪能最为丰富,利用海洋的波浪能进行发电是当前开发海洋能源的重要方式之一。本文根据当前国内外海浪发电装置研究的现状,设计了以将变化的海浪输入转化为恒定角速度输出为目标并且能够直接并网的双浮子式海浪发电机。本装置利用机械传动系统将海浪能转化为机械能再经同步发电机转化为电能。本文主要的研究内容包含以下几个方面:首先,对本浮子式海浪发电机的总体设计方案进行介绍,本装置主要包括:换向齿轮箱,并车机构,增速机构,液力调速机构以及同步发电机。其中换向齿轮箱将上下运动的海浪运动转化为单一方向的转动;利用液力调速机构将变化的海浪输入经调速系统后使输出角速度在某一值上下很小范围的波动甚至能够实现恒定;将调速后的输出角速度直接连接同步发电机,使发电机能够输出国家规定并网的频率。其次,对发电装置进行动力学仿真分析。分别建立基于两自由度刚性构件系统动力学仿真模型和传动系统多自由度扭转振动模型。在两个模型下分别进行主要构件的运动仿真分析并进行对比,再对系统运动有影响的参数进行仿真,得出各个影响参数的影响效果。基于上述模型对本海浪发电机的效率以及功率进行仿真分析。再次,基于动力学对系统进行优化。通过上述分析出的一些参数对系统输出运动的影响,以海浪发电机输出轴平均角速度与并网所需输入同步发电机角速度的差最小和海浪发电机运动稳定后最大最小角速度差值的最小为优化目标,利用MATLAB遗传学算法对系统进行优化分析。最后,对浮子臂进行基于ANSYS静力学分析以及横向振动分析。由于浮子以及浮子臂是系统主要的吸收能量的结构,浮子臂也是主要承受海浪力的部件,所以对浮子臂进行横向振动研究,计算浮子臂的固有频率以及响应特性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the progress of society,traditional energy sources have been unable to meet human needs and social development due to shortages and pollution.The development and application of new non-polluting renewable energy sources is imperative.The ocean contains a large amount of clean energy,including the most abundant waves,and the use of ocean waves to generate electricity is one of the most important ways to develop marine energy.Based on the current research status of wave power generation devices at home and abroad,this paper designs a double-float wave generator that can convert the changing wave input into a constant angular velocity output and can be directly connected to the network.The device uses a mechanical transmission system to convert ocean wave energy into mechanical energy and then converted into electrical energy by a synchronous generator.The main research content of this article includes the following aspects:First,the overall design of this type of floating wave generator is introduced.The device mainly includes: reversing gear box;parallel mechanism;speed increasing mechanism;hydraulic speed regulating mechanism and synchronous generator.The reversing gear box converts the up and down movement of the sea wave into a single direction of rotation;the use of a hydraulic speed regulating mechanism to input the changing sea waves into the speed regulating system makes the output angular velocity a small range above or below a certain value even when fluctuations can be realized.Constant;the output angular velocity after the speed regulation is directly connected to the synchronous generator,so that the generator can output the frequency specified by the national grid connection.Second,dynamic simulation analysis of the power generation device.The two-degree-of-freedom rigid component system dynamics simulation model and the transmission system multi-degree-of-freedom torsional vibration model were established respectively.Under the two models,the motion simulation analysis of the main components was performed and compared,and then the parameters affecting the system motion were simulated to obtain the effect of each influence parameter.Based on the above model,the efficiency and power of the wave generator are simulated and analyzed.Second,the system is optimized based on dynamics.Through the influence of some parameters analyzed above on the output motion of the system,do not minimize the difference between the average angular velocity of the output shaft of the wave generator and the input synchronous generator angular velocity required for the grid connection and the difference between the maximum and minimum angular velocity after the wave generator motion is stable.To optimize the objectives,the MATLAB genetic algorithm was used to optimize the analysis of the system.Finally,the transverse vibration analysis of the float arm of the system is performed.Because the float and the float arm are the main energy absorbing structures of the system,and the float arm is also a component that mainly bears the wave force,the transverse vibration of the float arm is studied to calculate the natural frequency and response characteristics of the float arm.更多还原