【作者】 李小明；

【导师】 张中华； 张沛；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 城乡规划学， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 乡村人居环境是人居环境理论的重要组成部分,乡村人居环境建设也是国家建设美丽宜居乡村,实施乡村振兴战略的重要内容,关系到农民的幸福生活、农村社会的文明和谐以及全面建成小康社会的宏伟目标,因此研究意义重大。本文面向陕西省美丽乡村建设和乡村人居环境整治提升的重大战略需求,从国家、陕西、关中地区三个层面村庄建设的相关政策及现实需求入手,借鉴乡村人居环境理论及国内外研究成果,对当前关中地区乡村人居环境存在问题进行分析,在探讨当前建设重点和影响因素的基础上,构建了乡村人居环境整治规划的原则、目标及策略体系框架,提出了关中地区乡村人居环境整治规划的具体措施和政策优化建议,并进行了实证分析。首先是基础研究,界定了乡村人居环境的基本内涵,将乡村人居环境的系统解构为乡村自然环境、乡村人工环境和乡村人文环境三大系统,分析了三大系统的演变特征,并且从不同角度对国内外乡村人居环境的相关研究理论及建设的经验启示进行梳理总结,为关中地区的乡村人居环境整治规划提供理论支撑及经验借鉴。其次是现状问题,从自然、经济、社会、空间等方面梳理了关中地区乡村人居环境建设的总体特征,在对关中地区的农村建设现状进行调研认知的基础上,分析了关中地区乡村人居环境建设现状及存在问题,指出导致关中地区乡村人居环境建设质量不高的成因,包括经济社会建设问题突出、规划管理严重缺位、管理机制缺乏创新、村民自主参与能力较弱等。再次是目标策略,基于乡村人居环境理论和马斯洛需求层次论,指出了当前关中地区乡村人居环境建设的重点是解决村民最迫切需求的居住生活条件问题,并从自然因素、经济条件、社会文化、主导力量、技术因素五个层面分析了影响关中地区乡村人居环境整治的关键性因素,结合关中地区各地的农村实际,构建了乡村人居环境整治规划的原则、目标及策略体系框架,提出了居住条件、公共环境、公共服务、特色风貌以及经济社会五大方面的整治内容及各类分项的具体措施,探讨了乡村人居环境整治在规划技术、管理机制和村民参与上的政策优化建议。最后是实证分析。按照不同地形、区位及特色的要求,选取了西安市鄠邑区柳泉村、咸阳市乾县长兴村以及韩城市清水村作为关中地区乡村人居环境整治的实证分析对象,对三种不同类型村庄的乡村人居环境整治进行现状特征分析及问题总结,并从居住条件、公共环境、公共服务、乡村风貌这四个方面提出了具体的整治措施及整治导则。更多还原

【Abstract】 The rural human settlement environment is an important part of the human settlement environment.The construction of rural residential environment is also an important part of the country’s construction of a beautiful livable village and the implementation of the strategy of rural revitalization.It is related to the happy life of peasants,the civilized harmony of rural society and the complete completion of The grand goal of a well-off society is therefore of great significance.This paper addresses the major strategic needs for the development of beautiful countryside construction and rural residential environment in Shaanxi Province.It starts with the related policies and actual needs of village construction in the three levels of the country,Shaanxi and Guanzhong regions,and draws on the rural residential environment theory and research results at home and abroad.To analyze the existing problems of the rural residential environment in the Guanzhong region,and on the basis of exploring the current construction priorities and influencing factors,the principles,objectives and strategic framework of the rural human settlements remediation planning have been constructed,and rural settlements in the Guanzhong region have been proposed.The specific measures and policy optimization proposals for environmental remediation planning were conducted and empirical analysis was conducted.The first is basic research,which defines the basic connotation of rural human settlements and deconstructs the system of rural human settlements into the three major systems of rural natural environment,rural artificial environment and rural human environment,and analyzes the evolution characteristics of the three major systems.From different perspectives,the relevant research theories of rural human settlements at home and abroad,as well as the experiences and inspirations of construction,are combed and summarized to provide theoretical support and experience for the rural residential environment improvement planning in Guanzhong region.The second is the status quo issue.The overall characteristics of the rural residential environment construction in the Guanzhong region have been sorted out from aspects of nature,economy,society,and space.Based on the investigation and understanding of the rural construction in the Guanzhong region,the rural people in the Guanzhong region have been analyzed.The status quo and existing problems in environmental construction have pointed out the causes of the low quality of rural residential environment construction in Guanzhong region,including the prominent problems in economic and social construction,serious lack of planning and management,lack of innovation in management mechanisms,and weak villagers’ ability to participate independently.The third is a target strategy.Based on the theory of rural human settlements and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs,it is pointed out that the focus of the current rural residential environment construction in the Guanzhong region is to solve the most pressing needs of the villagers and the living and living conditions,and from natural factors and economic conditions.The key factors affecting the improvement of rural residential environment in Guanzhong region are analyzed from five levels: social culture,leading forces,and technical factors.Based on the rural realities in the Guanzhong region,the principles,objectives,and strategies of the rural human settlements rectification plan have been established.The framework proposes concrete measures for the remediation of living conditions,public environment,public services,features,and economic and social aspects,and specific measures for various sub-items,and discusses the improvement of rural human settlements in planning technologies,management mechanisms,and participation of villagers.Policy optimization advice.Finally,it is an empirical analysis.According to the requirements of different topography,location and characteristics,Liuquan Village of Xi’an Municipality,Changxing Village of Qian County of Xianyang City,and Qingshui Village of Hancheng City were selected as the empirical analysis objects of the rural residential environment in the Guanzhong region.The status quo and analysis of the status quo of rural villages living environment improvement in villages,and the specific rectification measures and guidelines for renovation are proposed in terms of living conditions,public environment,public services,and rural landscape.更多还原