【作者】 陈婷；

【导师】 甘文平；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 外国语言文学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 伊恩·麦克尤恩是一位多产和极具影响力的作家。在英国当代文坛上,与他齐名的,还有马丁·埃米斯和朱利安·巴恩斯。麦克尤恩将他的生活融入到作品中,用父亲当年惨痛的二战经历以及年少时随父亲工作四处迁移的亲身经历创作了多部优秀小说。麦克尤恩通过作品再现历史,将客观的大历史与作品人物的小历史有机结合起来。《赎罪》是麦克尤恩的代表作,讲述了一个关于爱情、阶级、战争和赎罪的故事。主人公布里奥妮13岁时因误会和偏见迫使姐姐塞西莉娅与恋人罗比分离至死,而后花费一生的时间创作小说《赎罪》,以求为过去的错误赎罪。国内外学者大多从主题、文学批评理论、写作手法等角度研究了该小说,但还没有论文分析小说的“替罪羊”主题,本文运用神话原型批评来详细解读小说的“替罪羊”主题。论文由五个章节组成。第一章简要介绍作者伊恩·麦克尤恩的生平、《赎罪》的国内外研究现状、替罪羊理论以及本论文的意义和布局。第二章论述“驱邪”活动之前,和平的存在与灾难的突然发生。“和平”指塔利斯家庭的和睦以及英国在二战前通过绥靖政策求得的暂时安宁。“灾难”指强奸案的发生与二战的爆发。第三章讨论如何“驱邪”,即替罪羊的选择与惩罚。在《赎罪》中,塔利斯家庭管家的儿子罗比不幸沦为强奸案以及战争的替罪羊,饱受思想压迫。另外,他承受了三年半的牢狱之灾直到战场殒命,身体饱受摧残。第四章阐述“驱邪”活动之后,即替罪羊被处理之后,和平与宁静失而复得。在物质层面,像罗比一样的军人盼来了敦刻尔克大撤退,罗拉和马歇尔等来了一场救赎式的婚姻。在精神层面,布里奥妮对过去犯下的罪行供认不讳且自责不已,并在她的忏悔小说里让有情人终成眷属。第五章简要概述论文的研究发现和局限性以及未来的研究方向,揭示替罪羊理论深刻的现实意义。人们在处理人与人、国家与国家之间的关系时,不能只顾及自身利益,而让其他群体成为替罪羊。与此相反,人们应该相互尊重,和谐共存。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ian McEwan is a prolific and influential writer,sharing the same popularity as Martin Amis and Julian Barnes in contemporary British literature.McEwan combines his life with his writings with the result that he produces a number of excellent novels by making use of his father’s painful experiences during World War Two and his own childhood experiences about moving around due to his father’s job.Through his pen,McEwan brings history alive and integrates properly grand impersonal history with the small history of fictional characters.Atonement is McEwan’s representative work which narrates a story concerning love,class,war and atonement.At the age of thirteen,the protagonist Briony tears apart her elder sister Cecilia and Cecilia’s lover Robbie until their death owing to personal misunderstanding and prejudice,and spends her lifetime creating the novel Atonement in order to atone for her past mistake.Scholars both at home and abroad have done related academic research on the novel from the perspectives of themes,literary critical theories,writing techniques,etc,nevertheless,so far there has been no paper touching upon the theme of “scapegoat” in the novel,on which this thesis expounds in terms of the mythological and archetypal criticism.The thesis consists of five chapters.Chapter One is a brief introduction to the author Ian McEwan,the research status of Atonement at home and abroad,the scapegoat theory and the significance and layout of the thesis.Chapter Two describes the presence of tranquility and the sudden striking of disaster before the “exorcism”."Peace" refers to the harmony in the Tallis family and the temporary stability England obtained from the Appeasement Policy before World War Two.“Disaster” means the occurrence of the rape and the outbreak of World War Two.Chapter Three expounds how to “expel evil spirits”,namely the choice and punishment of the scapegoat.In Atonement,Robbie,the son of the Tallis family’s housekeeper,is reduced unfortunately to becoming the scapegoat of both the rape case and the war.He suffers the severe spiritual oppression.What’s more,he has been in prison for three and a half years,ending up losing his life on the battlefield.He undergoes the terrible physical torture.Chapter Four is about the stage after the “exorcism”.That is,peace and prosperity appear again after the punishment of the scapegoat.At the physical level,the news about the Dunkirk retreat spreads like wildfire among soldiers like Robbie,and the redemptive marriage between Lola and Marshall becomes a reality.At the spiritual level,Briony pleads guilty to her past crime and feels such an intense remorse that she makes it possible for Jack to have his Jill in her confessional novel.Chapter Five is the concise overview of the thesis’ s findings,limitations and further studies,revealing the profound realistic significance of the scapegoat theory.That is to say,we should not act only out of self-interest and make other groups the scapegoat when dealing with relationships among individuals and countries.Instead,we should show mutual respect to each other and advocate harmonious coexistence.更多还原