【作者】 杨芳；

【导师】 孙洁；

【作者基本信息】 对外经济贸易大学 ， 金融学， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 在人类长久生存和发展的过程中,生育是作为人类繁衍最基本的功能之一,生育能否保障是衡量社会发展和进步的重要因素。随着社会和文明的不断进步,世界各国的文化更加发展,各种制度得到优化,妇女的地位得到提升,生育权越来越受到重视。因而在这种情况下,生育险就产生了。在社会安定和生产发展中,生育保险法律制度起到了很好的促进作用,在女职工的正当生育权、生育健康权等问题上,生育保险法律制度对妇女群体的特殊权益实现了有效维护,然而在司法实践中,生育保险法律制度依然有许多不足有待进一步完善。特别是,2016年初国家颁布了“全面二孩”新生育政策,我国生育保险的问题日益凸显,它的落实面临着巨大挑战,当前的生育保险制度已经不能满足“全面二孩”政策落实的要求,与我国经济发展水平和社会情况的匹配度更是纸上谈兵。另外,自从“全面二孩”生育放开以后,这种现状对目前我国的生育保险制度带来了更加严峻的挑战。如果要解决这一矛盾问题,那么生育保险制度的改革是必要的,同时也是与时俱进的要求。对“全面二孩”政策的全新认识,我们要从不同的层面来看待这一问题,对于我国目前的生育保险制度而言,“全面二孩”政策既是机遇也是挑战。本文基于“全面放开二孩”政策,通过对我国生育保障制度进行规划和设计,提出如下几点建议:将生育费用纳入医疗保险,实现生育保险与医疗保险的有效合并;将生育保险与计划生育脱钩;计划生育奖励假期间的生育津贴应由国家或者地方财政支出;明确责任分摊,减轻生育保险支付压力,对生育保险的可持续性起到积极的促进作用。根据对本文逻辑的整理,从全文来看,本文主要分为六大部分。第一部分为引言部分,主要内容为本文写作的背景及意义,国内外对本课题的研究成果以及研究现状、本文的研究方法以及在写作中存在的创新和不足四个部分;第二部分为本文的理论基础部分,重点对我国目前所实行的生育政策、生育保险制度、“全面二孩”政策以及其他理论进行了详细的阐述,为本文的研究奠定了理论基础;第三部分为现状部分介绍,对目前国内“全面二孩”政策以及贯彻实施的生育保险制度的现状进行了详细分析;第四部分在现状分析的基础上,对目前我国“全面二孩”政策实施过程中对生育保险制度所带来的一系列挑战和风险;第五部分根据目前生育保险制度所出现的诸多问题和挑战,合理的提出解决建议,促进生育保险制度的完善;最后一部分这是对整篇论文的一个总结,并根据我国目前“全面二孩”新政策实施的背景下,未来生育保险制度可能发展的方向进行了分析,并指出,生育保险制度在“全面二孩”新政策实施的过程中要想转变发展形态,必须要进行生育保险制度改革。更多还原

【Abstract】 During the long term survival and development of human beings,fertility is one of the most basic functions of human reproduction.The guarantee of childbearing is one of the factors that measure social development and progress.With the continuous progress of society and civilization,the culture of all countries in the world is developing more and more,all kinds of systems have been optimized,the status of women has been promoted,and the right to childbearing has attracted more and more attention.Therefore,in this case,the maternity insurance is produced.The legal system of maternity insurance has played a very good role to promote social stability and development.It also achieve effective solution to the problem of female workers due to reproductive rights,health rights and special rights and interests,but in judicial practice,there are still a lot of maternity insurance system problems need to be further improved.Especially at the beginning of last year,the state promulgated the "Two-child" new fertility policy,maternity insurance in China is becoming increasingly prominent,its implementation is facing enormous challenges,the current maternity insurance system has been unable to meet the universal two-child policy implementation requirements,and matching degree with China’s economic development level and social situation is empty talk.In addition,since the full opening of the the universal two-child policy,the present situation has brought more severe challenges to the current birth insurance system in China.If we want to solve this problem,the reform of the birth insurance system is necessary,and it is also the requirement of keeping pace with the times.For the new understanding of the universal two-child policy,we should look at this problem from different levels.For the current maternity insurance system in China,a comprehensive two child policy is both an opportunity and a challenge.In this paper,based on the full liberalization of the two child policy,through the planning and design of our family security system,puts forward the following suggestions: the remaining costs included in the medical insurance,maternity insurance and effective with medical insurance;the maternity insurance and family planning decoupling;family planning reward holiday maternity allowance by the state or local fiscal expenditure;clear allocation of responsibility,reduce the pressure to pay maternity insurance,the sustainability of the maternity insurance plays a positive role in promoting.According to the adjustment of the logic of this article,from the full text,this article is divided into six main parts.The first part is the introduction part,the main content is the background and significance of writing the thesis and research methods of the research results and research status,this paper at home and abroad as well as the innovation and shortcomings in writing in four parts;the second part is the theoretical basis of this paper,mainly expatiates on the present the implementation of the family planning policy,the birth insurance system,a comprehensive two child policy and other theory,laid the theoretical foundation for this research;the third part is the present situation part,analysed the present situation of domestic "two children" policy and the implementation of the maternity insurance system;the fourth part is based on the analysis of the status quo on a series of challenges and risks in our country at present "two children" policy in the implementation process of the maternity insurance system brought by the fifth part;According to many problems and challenges in the maternity insurance system appears reasonable,propose solutions,promote the improvement of maternity insurance system;the last part is a summary of the whole thesis,according to the present comprehensive two children under the background of the implementation of the new policy.The possible development direction of the future maternity insurance system is analyzed.,and pointed out that the maternity insurance system to change the development pattern in the process of full implementation of the new policy of the two-child,must carry on the reform of maternity insurance system.更多还原