场景情绪及伴随者躯体语言对目标躯体语言识别的影响

【作者】 朱琳；

【导师】 邓铸；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 应用心理学， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 情绪躯体语言(EBL)是指整个躯体姿势传达出的情绪信息,通常包括四肢协调的动作姿势和代表特定意义的准备动作,被广泛认为是一种理解他人情绪的快捷语言。本研究通过两个实验,探究了受场景情绪和伴随者躯体语言影响下,对目标躯体语言识别的情绪一致性效应。实验一招募了 82名大学生,采用2(场景情绪:有、无)×2(目标躯体语言:愤怒、高兴)的混合实验设计,探讨目标躯体语言的场景情绪一致性效应。实验二招募了 58名大学生,考察被试对目标躯体语言识别是否受伴随者躯体语言的影响,采用2(目标躯体语言:愤怒、高兴)X4(伴随者躯体语言:愤怒、恐惧、悲伤、高兴)的被试内实验设计。实验中记录被试每次反应的正误和反应时。结果显示:(1)有无场景情绪下被试反应的正确率和反应时存在显著差异。有场景情绪组的正确率显著低于无场景情绪组,但反应时显著快于无场景情绪组;(2)场景情绪一致性条件下,被试的反应时存在显著差异。伴随者躯体语言情绪一致性条件下,被试反应的正确率和反应时存在显著差异;(3)场景情绪/伴随者躯体语言影响下,目标躯体语言的反应时主效应显著,愤怒目标躯体语言的反应时显著慢于高兴;(4)场景情绪与目标躯体语言交互作用显著。在中性场景下,对高兴目标躯体语言判断的正确率显著高于愤怒,反应时显著快于愤怒;在积极场景下,对愤怒目标躯体语言判断的正确率显著高于高兴,但反应时显著低于高兴;(5)伴随者躯体语言主效应显著。恐惧伴随者躯体语言影响下的正确率显著低于高兴伴随者躯体语言,正确率和反应时显著低于愤怒伴随者躯体语言;(6)伴随者躯体语言与目标躯体语言在正确率和反应时上交互效应显著。在悲伤、愤怒伴随者躯体语言影响下,对愤怒目标躯体语言识别的正确率显著高于高兴。研究结论:(1)增加的场景因素损害了个体对目标躯体语言的正确判断,但提高了加工速度;(2)场景及伴随者躯体语言的情绪一致性促进了对目标躯体语言的识别;(3)中性场景能提高对高兴目标躯体语言的正确判别,但在消极场景中受到抑制,愤怒目标躯体语言具有视觉判别优势;(4)恐惧伴随者躯体语言阻碍了目标躯体语言的识别,但高兴伴随者躯体语言能提高对目标躯体语言识别的正确率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Emotional body language(EBL)refers to the emotional information conveyed by the whole body posture,which usually includes the coordinated posture of the limbs and the preparatory movements that represent specific meanings.It is widely considered as a quick language for understanding the emotions of others.In this study,two experiments were conducted to explore the emotional congruence effect of target emotional body language recognition on the scene and the physical influence of the accompanying body.In Experiment 1,82 college students were recruited,using the mixed experimental design of 2(scene mood:yes,no)× 2(target body language:anger,happy)to explore the effect of the target body language on the scene emotional consistency.In Experiment 2,58 college students were recruited to examine whether the subject’s target body language recognition was affected by the body language of the accompanying person,using 2(target body language:anger,happy)×4(accompanied by body language:anger,fear,sad,happy)experiment design.Record the correctness and reaction time of each response of the test in the experiment.The results showed:(1)There is a significant difference in the ACC and RT of the test response with or without scene stimulus.The ACC of scene group was significantly lower than that of no scene group,but the RT was significantly faster than that of no scene group;(2)There is a significant difference in the RT of the subjects under the conditions of scene emotional consistency.With the congruency of body language and mood,the ACC and RT of the test response were significantly different;(3)Under the influence of scene emotions and body language,the main body effect of the target body language is significant,and the RT of the body language of the target is significantly slower than that of happiness;(4)The interaction between scene mood and target body language is significant.In the neutral scenario,the ACC of the happy target body language is significantly higher than that of anger,and the RT is significantly faster than that of anger.In the positive scenario,the ACC of the anger target body language judgment is significantly higher than that of happiness,but the RT is significant.less than happy;(5)The accompanying body language has a significant main effect.The ACC of the fear companion body language was significantly lower than that of the happy companion body language,and the ACC and RT were significantly lower than those of the angry accompanying body language;(6)Accompanying body language and target body language have significant interaction effects on ACC and RT.Under the influence of accompanying body language of sadness and anger,the ACC of recognition of anger target body language is significantly higher than that of happiness.Conclusions:(1)The increased scene factor damages the individual’s correct judgment of the target body language,but increases the processing speed;(2)The emotional consistency of the scene and accompanying body language promotes the recognition of the target body language;(3)The neutral scene can improve the correct discrimination of the happy target body language,but it is suppressed in the negative scene.The anger target body language has the visual discrimination advantage.(4)The fear accompanying body obstructs the recognition of the emotional body language,but the happy accompanying body promotes the correct ACC of the target emotional body language.更多还原