【作者】 张丹丹；

【导师】 王智宏；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 精密仪器及机械， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 光电编码器是一种数字式的精密测角装置。具有精度高、能耗低、抗干扰能力强的优点,在工业、科技、国防等领域被广泛使用。码盘是光电编码器的核心元件,码盘刻线的均匀性影响着编码器输出信号的精度。在光电编码器装配之前,对码盘刻线质量进行检测具有重要的实际意义。本文对现有的光电编码器码盘刻线误差检测方法进行研究,在对比分析了目前检测方法的优缺点之后,提出了基于计算机视觉技术的光电编码器码盘刻线均匀性误差检测方法,并设计了码盘刻线均匀性误差检测系统。为解决在码盘图像上无法确定码盘刻线为同一圆周上所对应的弧长,进而无法准确计算黑白比的问题,提出距离黑白比的概念和计算方法,并通过与弧长黑白比的比较计算,验证了以距离黑白比代替弧长黑白比的可行性。在此基础上,提出了基于双向黑白比的码盘刻线误差检测方法,更直接反映码盘刻线线宽变化。设计了码盘刻线均匀性误差的视觉检测系统。为达到码盘刻线图像的最佳采集状态及实现全部码盘刻线的采集,搭建了包括成像、位置、采集三个模块平台的硬件系统。基于论文研究的技术方案,编程实现了基于双向黑白比的码盘刻线误差检测方法,完成了误差检测软件的编写,检测软件具有图像采集与处理、参数计算、处理结果的显示与存储等功能。最后,通过测试实验,对本文提出的光电编码器码盘刻线均匀性误差检测算法和误差检测系统的性能进行了测试,结果表明本文所提出的检测方法能够满足检测任务的要求。通过上述的工作,完成了光电编码器码盘刻线均匀性误差检测系统的研究工作。本文对实现光电编码器码盘刻线均匀性误差自动检测具有重要的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Photoelectric encoder is a digital precision measuring device.It has the advantages of high precision and low anti-interference ability.And widely used in the fields of industrial and national defense.Code disc is the core element of photoelectric encoder.The uniformity of the coder line affects the precision of the output signal of the encoder.Before the photoelectric encoder is assembled,it is of great practical significance to check the quality of the code disc.This paper studies the error detection methods of the existing photoelectric encoder code disc,and compares the advantages and disadvantages of those methods.Designed a photoelectric encoder code disc uniformity engraving-line error detection system by using CCD industrial camera acquire all of the encoder’s peripheral scribed line image and according to the design of image processing algorithms for encoder engraving-line uniformity error detectionFirstly,the overall design scheme of the error detection system of the encoder disc engraving-line uniformity is proposed.The hardware structure of the error detection system is designed,including the rotation adjustment device and the lens position adjustment device and so on.Secondly,the image processing algorithm of encoder disc engraving-line uniformity is studied.We proposed that measure the homogeneity of encoder disc by the engraved-line error and designed an algorithm based on bidirectional black-to-white ratio.Using the calculation formula to analyze the accuracy of the algorithm and the feasibility of the algorithm is verified theoretically.Finally,through test,the paper evaluates the performance of the system.Through the work above,I completed research work on the error detection system for the code disc engraved-line uniformity of photoelectric encoder.This paper has important reference value for the research of the automatic detection system of the photoelectric encoder.更多还原