【作者】 王珂；

【导师】 梁尔涛；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 中国古典文献学， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 八景是中国传统文化的重要组成部分,它将某地具有代表性的八个及八个以上的景点整合起来,进行命名,借以展现该地独特的地域文化。由‘八景’衍生出八景诗、八景画、八景楹联、八景屏风、八景集会、八景菜肴等系列的八景文化活动和载体,则可以称为八景文化体系,渗透到了生活中的方方面面。八景文化中的八景诗是描写地方八景的诗歌作品,也是地方志中重要的组成部分,是对区域文化的一种特殊呈现。河南位于黄河流域,孕育了灿烂光明的中原文化,成为中华文明的主要发祥地之一,历史悠久,文化底蕴深厚,但是相比其它时段和地区,明清中原文献与文学研究薄弱。明清开封府诸县方志中有着大量的八景诗,因此可以开封府属县方志为研究对象,对其中的八景诗进行整理与研究。研究首先需要将可考方志中的八景诗进行辑录,并标点、注释,为研究准备充足的文献资料。在此基础上可从方志版本、八景诗作者、八景诗内容与特征、创作艺术等四方面展开研究。研究过程中发现,开封府诸县方志录入八景诗具体时间无可考,但是大致起于明嘉靖时期,顺治、康熙、乾隆三朝尤其兴盛,开封府诸县方志反映了这三朝的大规模修志活动。八景诗的作者多为科考出身,有相当的文化素养,籍贯上本土文人与流寓文人兼有,八景诗创作可反映某地的文化发展和繁荣程度。明清时期开封府诸县八景诗,主要描写了自然景观和人文景观,但是人文景观占大多数,彰显了明清开封深厚的文化底蕴。同时八景诗在一定程度上折射了文人心态,使人们通过诗歌创作,表达了怀古情怀和诗意情怀,在山水古迹之间宣泄情感,诗意栖居。在创作艺术方面,八景诗同题画诗相仿,具有诗画相生的特点,使诗、画、书三者得到了巧妙结合。创作者们多用近体创作八景诗用字凝练,注重对仗、用典,将特定情感融入其中,表现区域丰富的历史文化意蕴。八景诗作为地方景观和文化的集中表现,是地方景观的回忆体现和延续。在重视经济发展、文化发展的今天具有重要的作用。八景诗体现了中国传统文化中天人合一的和谐观念和山水相依的风水观念,蕴含着浓厚的文化内涵。而从旅游资源的角度看,八景诗为文化旅游提供线索,为景点开发开拓空间,具有积极的当代意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Eight-Scenery poems is an important part of Chinese traditional culture.It combines eight or more representative scenic spots and has been named to show the unique regional culture.Eight-Scenery poems culture activities and carriers,such as eight landscape poems,Eight-Scenery poems paintings,eight scenes couplets,Eight-Scenery poems screens,eight scenes meeting,eight dishes and other series of cultural activities and carriers,can be called Eight-Scenery poems culture system,which is permeated into all aspects of our life.The Eight-Scenery poems of the eight scenes culture describe the local eight scenes,and it is also a great part of the local chronicles,a special presentation to the regional culture.Henan,located in the Yellow River basin,creat clourful culture,which is the birthplaces of Chinese civilization.It has a long history and profound cultural background.However,compared with other periods and regions,the literature and literature studies in the Central Plains of the Ming and Qing Dynasties were weak.In the Ming and Qing dynasties,Kaifeng Prefecture had a large number of Eight-Scenery poems.Therefore,it is possible to study and classify them.First of all,the Eight-Scenery poems needs to be classified,punctuated and annotated from the local records,those materials should be prepared for the study.Based on this,it can be studied from four aspects,such as edition,Eight-Scenery poems author,Eight-Scenery poems content and characteristic,art of creation and so on.In the course of the study,it was found that the specific time for the Eight-Scenery poems jion to the local records of Kaifeng Prefecture was unknown,but it generally began from the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty.It was particularly prosperous in period of Shunzhi,Kangxi,and Qianlong.The local records of the Kaifeng Prefecture counties reflected the large-scale restoration activities of these three period.The author of the Eight-Scenery poems is of great cultural attainments,with a considerable degree of cultural accomplishment,native literati and literati,and the creation of Eight-Scenery can reflect the cultural development and prosperity of a place.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the Eight-Scenery poems of the prefectures of Kaifeng mainly described natural landscapes and cultural landscapes,but the cultural landscapes accounted for most of them,highlighting the deep cultural heritage of Kaifeng in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.At the same time,the Eight-Scenery poems reflect the author’s mind,enabling people toexpress themselves through poetry,express their feelings of nostalgia and poetic feelings,vent their emotions between mountains and rivers.In the aspect of creative arts,the Eight-Scenery poems are similar to the poems in their paintings.They have the characteristics of poetry and painting,and make the poetry,painting,and books have a clever combination.The creators mostly use the Jin-ti concise the words,pay attention to the ambiguity and the use of the rituals,integrate certain emotions into them,and express the historical and cultural implications of the region.Eight landscape poems,as a concentrated expression of local landscapes and culture,reflect and continue the memory of local landscapes.It plays an important role in attaching importance to economic development and cultural development today.The Eight-Scenery poems poems embodies the concept of harmony between man and nature in Chinese traditional culture and the concept of Feng Shui that depends on the landscape,and contains a strong cultural connotation.From the point of view of tourism resources,Eight-Scenery poems provide clues for cultural tourism,and opens up space for the development of scenic spots,which has positive and contemporary significance.As a concentrated expression of local landscape and culture,Eight-Scenery poems are the reflection and continuation of local landscape recall.In economic development,cultural development today has an important role.The Eight-Scenery poems embody the harmonious concept of harmony between man and nature in Chinese traditional culture and the geomantic concept of landscape dependence,which contains a strong cultural connotation.From the perspective of tourism resources,Eight-Scenery poems provide clues for cultural tourism and open up space for the development of scenic spots,which has positive contemporary significance.更多还原