【作者】 王乐；

【导师】 吕明臣；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 汉语国际教育硕士（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 寒暄语作为一种功能性极强的交际性语言广泛地存在于世界各民族的语言中,不同民族的寒暄语受到本民族语言文化背景和风俗习惯的影响呈现出不同的语言特点和使用形式,寒暄语的语用功能也会随着语言环境的变化而产生相应的伴随式转变。汉语寒暄语受到汉语文化内涵和语用环境的影响,语言的文化特征和社会特征非常鲜明,为第二语言学习者的汉语学习造成了一定困扰。如何在对外汉语教学中帮助学习者掌握正确的、符合汉语习惯的寒暄语使用方式是现阶段学界的主要探讨内容。第一部分从本体研究和教学研究层面概述了现阶段汉语寒暄语的研究现状,梳理了寒暄语研究的主要理论成果,为后续研究作支撑。第二部分结合前人的研究成果重新定义了汉语寒暄语,在此基础上将汉语寒暄语概括为:招呼型、问候型、恭维型、迎送型、调侃型、客套型、复合型七个类别,并对每一类寒暄语进行了简要概述。第三部分选取北京大学出版社出版的《博雅汉语》综合课教材及北京语言大学出版社出版的《发展汉语》综合课教材为研究对象,详细统计了两套教材中不同类别汉语寒暄语的分布情况以及交际场景和交际主客体关系的设定情况。第四部分在教材分布统计的基础上参照前人的调查研究和问卷分析结果,综合归纳出两套教材在汉语寒暄语编写层面存在的相关问题:汉语寒暄语类别分布不均衡;汉语寒暄语难易程度缺乏递进性;汉语寒暄语文化因素体现不足;交际场景关系脱离社会生活。第五部分在三、四两部分的基础上从教材编写和教师教学两个层面为对外汉语教学提出建议,教材编写应注重:寒暄语编写应类别均衡且具有开放性;场景关系设定应灵活多样;重视体现寒暄语文化内涵。教师在教学中应注重:平衡不同类别的寒暄语教学;加强文化因素的导入;灵活设置情景进行操练。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a highly functional communicative language,Chinese Phatic is widely spoken in the languages of the peoples of the world.Different ethnic languages have different language features and forms of use due to their language,cultural background and customs.The pragmatic functions of Chinese Phatic can also produce corresponding accompanying changes with the migration of language environment.Chinese Phatic are affected by Chinese cultural connotation and pragmatic environment,and the cultural and social features of language are very clear.This has caused some problems for second language learners.If the second language learner cannot master and use the chilling language well,he cannot achieve the communicative purpose in the Chinese language environment.The second language learning that is out of communication is rigid and closed.How to help learners master the correct use of Chinese Phatic is the main content of academic discussion at the present stage.The first part summarizes the current research status of Chinese Phatic from the perspective of ontology research and teaching research.The combing of the major theoretical results of the research of Chinese Phatic supports the follow-up study of this article.The second part redefines the Chinese Phatic combined with previous research results.Based on this,it summarizes the Chinese Phatic: Greetings,Greetings,Compliments,Greetings,Songs,Kets,and Compounds are seven categories,and a brief overview of each of them is given.Detailed statistics on the distribution of different types of Chinese Phatic in the two sets of textbooks and the setting of communication scenes and communication relations.In the fourth part,on the basis of statistical data,combined with previous research results,we summarized and analyzed the problems associated with the compilation of two sets of textbooks in Chinese Phatic dialects: The distribution of Chinese Phatic is not balanced;the difficulty of Chinese Phatic is not progressive;the cultural factors of Chinese Phatic are inadequate.On the basis of the third and fourth parts,the fifth part puts forward suggestions for teaching Chinese as a foreign language from the teaching material compilation and teacher teaching.The author believes that the compilation of teaching materials should focus on: Chinese Phatic is written in a balanced and open category and emphasis is placed on the cultural connotation of Chinese Phatic.更多还原