【作者】 吴荣；

【导师】 郑泉；

【作者基本信息】 安徽农业大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 为了缓解汽车对石油资源的需求,降低汽车排放对环境的污染,越来越多的纯电动汽车开始被大家考虑和接受。在动力分配技术上,四驱技术已经越来越受到人们的欢迎。在充分研究国内外四驱技术现状后,本文通过分动器试验台对电动汽车分动器特性进行分析与试验,得到了常用类型分动器的动力分配特性和相关性能参数关系。基于所研究的分动器的特性确定了本文所研究的四驱汽车智能轴间扭矩控制系统的设计方案。根据对分动器特性试验数据的分析,建立出包括电控分动器模型,传动系统模型,轮胎模型在内的整车动力学模型,对动力分配的关键部件分动器采用基于遗传算法的PID控制策略,并通过MATLAB/Simulink编写成智能PID控制器模型,进行动力学模型仿真,分析控制策略的有效性。以意法半导体公司的STM32F103控制芯片为核心,进行四驱车辆轴间扭矩分配控制器的硬件设计,详细介绍控制器的最小系统电路、电源电路、复位及JTAG下载电路、分动器电磁离合器驱动电路、信号输入处理和信号输出控制电路以及CAN总线通信电路的设计方法,并对PCB设计时硬件系统的抗干扰设计与可靠性要求进行了简要说明。以Keil软件为开发环境,编写了控制系统软件,包括库函数调用,系统各资源初始化,信号的采集与处理,控制逻辑编写,PWM输出驱动,CAN总线通信等,给出了部分程序的流程框图。从而确定了车辆运行时基于轴间的扭矩控制系统。进行实车试验,首先运用万用表等检测仪器将设计好的控制器进行硬件的测试,通过在线调试和模拟控制的手段进行软件调试。将调试好的智能扭矩控制器搭载到课题组研制的电控智能四驱车上进行实车验证,运用NI公司的测试仪器,通过Labview软件搭建了轴间扭矩控制器测试试验数据采集系统,采集并分析了多种驾驶条件下分动器控制时试验车的车身数据,总结出汽车在有本文设计的智能扭矩控制器进行扭矩分配的情况下,汽车的通过性和动力性能有了明显的提高,证明了设计的智能扭矩控制器的能够有效的实现对四驱车辆动力分配。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to alleviate the demand of petroleum resources,reduce the automobile pollution to the environment,more people start to consider and accept the pure electric vehicles.In the study of dynamic allocation,four wheel drive technology has been more and more popular with people.On the basis of fully research of 4WD technology both at home and abroad,this article analyze the electric car transfer characteristics through transfer test platform,get the common types of transfer distribution features,and carry out dynamic performance test under different working conditions on the test bench,get the related performance parameters.Based on the research of characteristics of transfer,this paper set the studies scheme of the intelligent inter axle torque distribution control system of electric all-wheel-drive car.According to the analysis of the transfer characteristic test data,this paper settle the vehicle dynamics model,including electronic transfer model,transmission system model and tire model.Adopts intelligent PID control strategy based on fuzzy control to the key components of the power distribution transfer,and use the MATLAB/Simulink software to write the intelligent PID controller model,conduct the dynamic model simulation and analyze the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.Use STMicroelectronics’ s STM32F103 chip as the controller,make the hardware design of intelligent inter axle torque distribution controller of 4WD vehicle,introduce the minimum system controller circuit,power circuit,reset circuit and JTAG download circuit and transfer the electromagnetic clutch drive circuit,signal input processing circuit,signal output control circuit and CAN bus communication circuit design method,and briefly introduce the anti-jamming design and reliability requirements of hardware system at the time of the PCB design.Software design is in the development environment of Keil,the control system including library function call,initialization of system resources,signal acquisition and processing,control logic,PWM output driver,CAN bus communication are designed.By given part of the program flow diagram,clearly introduce the whole program.The vehicle experiment,first use testing instruments such as multimeter to make hardware test of will design controller,and make software test through online debug and simulation control debug.Place the good-debugged intelligent torque controller onto the group developed electronic intelligent all-wheel-drive vehicle,using NI company test instrument,through Labview software built the intelligent inter axle torque distribution controller test experiment data acquisition system,collect and analyze the test car’s body data within and without transfer control under various driving conditions,conclude that with the control of intelligent torque controller designed in this paper,the passing ability and dynamic property of car has been obviously improved,proved that the design of the intelligent torque controller can effectively realize the four-wheel drive vehicle dynamic allocation.更多还原