【作者】 周祥；

【导师】 梁明振；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究选择体况相近、健康的56日龄麻鸡810只(母鸡),共9组,每组3个重复,每重复组30只鸡。9个组分别为对照组(饲喂基础日粮)、酵母多糖组(基础日粮+2kg/t酵母多糖)、果寡糖组(基础日粮+4kg/t果寡糖)、枯草芽孢杆菌组(基础日粮+500g/t枯草芽孢杆菌)、酵母多糖+果寡糖组(基础日粮+2kg/t酵母多糖+4kg/t果寡糖)、酵母多糖+枯草芽孢杆菌组(基础日粮+2kg/t酵母多糖+500g/t枯草芽孢杆菌)、果寡糖+枯草芽孢杆菌组(基础日粮+4kg/t果寡糖+500g/t枯草芽孢杆菌)、酵母多糖+果寡糖+枯草芽孢杆菌组(基础日粮+2kg/t酵母多糖+4kg/t果寡糖+500g/t枯草芽孢杆菌)、抗生素组(基础日粮+100g/t恩拉霉素预混剂)。目的是为探索不同处理对麻鸡生产性能、屠宰性能、营养物质利用率、血清生化指标和抗氧化性能的影响以及代替抗生素类生长促进剂的可行性,试验分为两阶段饲养,10-13周龄为第一阶段,14-17周龄为第二阶段,共63天,其中预饲期7天,正试期56天。研究内容分三部分。第一部分:结果表明:1、酵母多糖、果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌及其不同组合对麻鸡生产性能的影响:(1)果寡糖、枯草芽孢杆菌、酵母多糖+果寡糖、果寡糖+枯草芽孢杆菌和抗生素组麻鸡17周龄的末体重较对照组分别提高3.27%、3.47%、3.56%、3.74%和3.99%,差异显著(P<0.05);(2)10-17周龄各添加剂试验组麻鸡的死亡率都较对照组低,差异不显著;(3)酵母多糖+果寡糖组、果寡糖+枯草芽孢杆菌和酵母多糖+果寡糖+枯草芽孢杆菌对麻鸡10—17周龄的日采食量较对照组分别提高4.18%、4.66%和4.37%,差异显著(P<0.05);(4)果寡糖、枯草芽孢杆菌组、酵母多糖+果寡糖、果寡糖+枯草芽孢杆菌和抗生素EY对麻鸡10—17周龄的日增重较对照组分别提高6.28%、6.78%、6.70%、6.85%、7.85%,差异显著(P<0.05)2、酵母多糖、果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌及其不同组合对麻鸡屠宰性能的影响:(1)果寡糖+枯草芽孢杆菌组的腿肌率最高为22.55%,较对照组提高25.07%,差异显著(P<0.05),较抗生素组提高15.40%,差异不显著;(2)各添加剂试验组的屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、腹脂率、胸肌率都较对照组高,但差异不显著。第二部分:结果表明:酵母多糖、果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌及其不同组合对麻鸡营养物质利用率的影响:(1)抗生素组粗蛋白表观消化率最高为68.94%,较对照组高2.97%,差异显著(P<0.05);(2)果寡糖+枯草芽孢杆菌组钙、磷的消化率为最高,较对照组差异显著(P<0.05),较抗生素组差异不显著;第三部分:结果表明:1、酵母多糖、果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌及其不同组合对麻鸡血清生化指标的影响:(1)果寡糖组的血清白蛋白较对照组高,差异显著(P<0.05);(2)酵母多糖组、枯草芽孢杆菌组的血清尿素氮都较对照组低,差异显著(P<0.05)。2、酵母多糖、果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌及其不同组合对麻鸡血清抗氧化性能的影响:酵母多糖、果寡糖、枯草芽孢杆菌无论单独添加还是组合添加均能提高麻鸡抗氧化力,尤其是酵母多糖、枯草芽孢杆菌、酵母多糖+枯草芽孢杆菌、果寡糖+枯草芽孢杆菌和抗生素EY显著提高麻鸡抗氧化力。综合以上三部分的结论:本研究以4kg/t的果寡糖+500g/t的枯草芽孢杆菌组合添加对麻鸡生产性能、屠宰性能、营养物质利用率、血清生化指标和抗氧化性能的影响效果较好,能够在大鸡和肥育鸡阶段替代抗生素(恩拉霉素)的使用。更多还原

【Abstract】 A total of 810(hen)Ma chickens at 57 days old were selected and assigned randomly into nine groups,three repeats in each group,30 chickens in each repeat.Nine groups corresponded different treatments,the nine groups were Control group(basal diet),YPS group(basal diet +2 kg/t YPS),FOS group(basal diet +4 kg/t FOS),BS group(base diet +500 g/t BS),YPS +FOS group(basal diet +2 kg/t YPS +4 kg/t FOS),YPS + BS group(basal diet +2 kg/t YPS +500 g/t BS),FOS + BS group(basal diet +4 kg/t FOS+500 g/t BS),YPS + FOS+ BS group(basal diet +2 kg/t YPS +4 kg/t FOS+500 g/t BS)and the Antibiotic group(basal diet +100 g/t Enramycin premixes),respectively.The experiment research the effect of different feed compositions on production performance,slaughter performance,apparent metabolic rate,serum index,antioxidant and mechanism in chickens.The experimental divided into two feeding stages,10-13 weeks for the first stage and 14-17 weeks for the second stage,total of 63 days,the pre-feeding period was 7 days,and the experimental period was 56 days.This Research was consists of three partsThe first part:The results showed:1、Effect ofYPS、FOS、BS and different combinations on the Production performance of Ma chickens:(1)Compared to the Control group,the Final weight of FOS、BS、YPS*FOS、FOS*BS and Antibiotic groups in the 17th week had respectively improved 3.27%、3.47%、3.56%、3.74%and 3.99%(P<0.05).(2)Each test groups had a lower Mortality rate than the Control group(P>0.05).(3)Compared to the Control group,the Average day feed intake of YPS*FOS、FOS*BS and YPS*FOS*BS groups in the 10-17 weeks had improved 4.18%、4.66%and 4.37%(P<0.05).(4)Compared to the Control group,the Average day gain of FOS、BS、YPS*FOS、FOS*BS and Antibiotic groups in the 10-17 weeks had improved 6.28%、6.78%、6.70%、6.85%and 7.85%(P<0.05).2.Effect of YPS、FOS、BS and different combinations on the Slaughter performance of Ma chickens:(1)The FOS*BS group which had the highest percentage of thigh muscle was 22.55%,improve 25.07%than Control group(P<0.05),improve 15.40%than Antibiotic group(P>0.05).(2)Compared with Control group,each Trial groups had a higher Percentage of carcass yield、Percentage of half eviscerate yield、Percentage of eviscerate yield、Percentage of abdominal fat and Percentage of chest muscle,but had no significant differences(P>0.05).The second part:The results showed:Effect of YPS、FOS、BS and different combinations on the Nutrition utilization rate of Ma chickens:(1)Antibiotic group had the highest Protein utilization ratio(68.94%),which was 2.97%higher than Control group(P<0.05).(2)FOS*BS group had the highest Calcium utilization ratio and Phosphorus utilization ratio,which was higher than the Control group(P<0.05),no significant differences between Antibiotic group(P>0.05).The third part:The results showed:1、Effect of YPS、FOS、BS and different combinations on the Blood Serum index of Ma chickens:(1)FOS group had a higher ALP concentration levels than Control group(P<0.05).(2)YPS and BS groups had a lower BUN concentration levels than Control group(P<0.05).2.Effect of YPS、FOS、BS and different combinations on the Blood Antioxidant of Ma chickens:Adding either alone or in combination,YPS,FOS and BS could improve the antioxidant capacity of chickens,Especially YPS、BS、YPS+BS、FOS+BS and Antibiotic group improve soil Chicken antioxidant capacity(P<0.05).Summarize the three parts showed:In this study,the combination of 4kg/t FOS and 500g/t BS have a better effect on production performance,slaughter performance,apparent metabolic rate,serum indexes,antioxidant and mechanism in Ma chickens.It can replace the Antibiotic which used on stage of chickens.更多还原