【作者】 李洁；

【导师】 胡尔查； 那日森；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 农业硕士（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 我国经济社会正处于资源、环境约束不断强化的时期,发展经济、改善民生任务艰巨。草原作为一种重要的自然、经济资源,不仅是牧区人民生存发展的环境,更是牧民进行生产活动的物质基础。草原生态环境状况直接关系着牧区经济发展和牧民生存发展,不断恶化的生态环境引起了人们对草原利用、草原保护和草原可持续发展的关注。内蒙古等8个牧区省份从2011年开始实施草原生态保护补助奖励政策(以下简称草原生态奖补政策),是一项改善草原生态环境、促进牧区经济社会发展的重要举措。目前为止,政策已经实施七年多的时间,对牧区生态环境和经济发展产生了一定的影响。本文以内蒙古苏尼特左旗为研究区域,以草原生态奖补政策实施效果为研究对象。首先对苏尼特左旗草原利用现状和草原生态奖补政策落实情况进行考察分析;其次采用文献研究法、对比分析法、定量与定性相结合分析法等研究方法对该地区实施草原生态奖补政策产生的生态效果、经济效果、社会文化效果进行综合评价,并提出草原生态奖补政策实施过程中面临的问题;最后结合苏尼特左旗当前生态环境和经济发展现状提出相应的建议对策。研究发现目前苏尼特左旗草原生态奖补政策实施中面临的主要问题有:一是草原管护难度大;二是禁牧区牧民缺乏长久保障;三是畜产品销售渠道单一;四是资金发放与牧户需求时间错位;五是政策落实和组织管理不到位。对此本研究提出的对策建议包括:一加大监管力度、建立奖惩机制;二引导和支持牧民生产生活方式转变;三发展绿色养殖技术、拓宽销售渠道;四提高奖补资金发放效率;五签订政策合同、落实追责制。更多还原

【Abstract】 China’s economic society is in a period of intensified resources and environmental constraints,and the task of developing economy and improving people’s livelihood is arduous.Grassland,as an important natural and economic resource,is not only the living and development environment of the pastoral people,but also the material basis of the herdsmen’s production activities.The situation of grassland ecological environment is directly related to the economic development of pastoral area and the survival and development of herdsmen,and the deteriorating ecological environment has aroused people’s concern about grassland utilization,grassland protection and grassland sustainable development.Inner Mongolia and other 8 pastoral provinces since 2011 to implement the grassland ecological protection subsidy Policy(hereinafter referred to as grassland ecological subsidy and reward policy),is an important measure to improve grassland ecological environment and promote economic and social development of pastoral area.So far,the policy has been implemented for more than seven years,which has a certain impact on the ecological environment and economic development of the pastoral area.This paper takes Sonid left Banner as the research area and takes the effect of the Grassland ecological prize supplement policy as the research object.First of all,the Sonid left Banner grassland utilization status and the Grassland Ecology prize supplement policy implementation situation carries on the investigation analysis;Secondly,the author evaluates the ecological effect,economic effect and social-cultural effect of the grassland ecological subsidy and reward policy in this area by means of theory analysis,comparative analysis,quantitative and qualitative analysis,and so on.It also puts forward some problems in the implementation of the ecological compensation policy of grassland ecology,and finally puts forward some corresponding suggestions on the current ecological environment and economic development of Sonid left Banner.It is found that the main problems in the implementation of Sonid left Banner grassland ecological subsidy and reward policy are as follows: first,it is difficult to protect the grassland,the second is the lack of long-term protection of pastoral herdsmen,the third is a single sales channel of livestock products,the four is the distribution of funds and herdsmen demand time dislocation;The countermeasures proposed in this study include: one to increase supervision,establish rewards and punishments mechanism,second to guide and supportthe transformation of pastoral production life style;third,develop green culture technology,broaden sales channels;four to improve the efficiency of the award of supplementary funds,five signed policy contracts,the implementation of the system of accountability.更多还原