【作者】 张蕾；

【导师】 孟庆瑜； 时清霜；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 法律（法学）（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 河北省坝上地区是华北平原与内蒙古高原交接的地方,因为气候和植被的原因,坝上高原也是草甸式草原。草原资源是坝上地区重要经济资源之一,是牧区人民得以生存的生态基础。草原资源身负极其重要的生态保护功能,是坝上地区生态环境恢复与建设的重点方向。草原生态恢复与治理对促进坝上地区经济发展和环境资源可持续发展有重大作用,同时也有利于建设区域生态文明体制,更对维护人类的生存空间和生存环境起重要的作用。本文在界定坝上高原生态防护区的定义、建设依据、功能任务的基础上,通过分析比较得出坝上地区环境问题主要有水土流失和草原沙化问题,而造成这些环境问题的主要原因是人为因素。旧时粗放的生产方式以牺牲环境换取短期经济利益,随着坝上地区人口增加,这种生产方式带来的弊端就显露无疑。同时,坝上地区政府、企业、居民的环境保护观念淡薄,只一味追求眼前利益,而随着人为破坏环境的同时,生态环境难以有足够时间恢复,导致生态环境质量越发恶劣,需要牺牲更大范围的环境换取经济利益,最终形成恶性循环。通过对以上原因的深入分析,本文试图从法律角度找到更科学的解决环境问题办法。通过归纳分析对防风固沙、涵养水源两大功能的法律法规,可知我国环保法律体系中执法和生态补偿上还存在诸多的不足和缺陷,即政府、企业、民众对环境治理的重视力度不够,坝上地区各行政区域没有统一的环境治理标准与机制,没有法定生态补偿机制等问题。针对上述存在的问题,本文在结合坝上地区生态环境实际情况的基础上,提出坝上高原生态防护区建设的合理建议,即提升政府、企业、民众环保观念,并建立主体协同治理机制,同时,合理构建区域环境协作治理机制,其中包含建立与周边地区(即京津冀蒙四地)区域环境治理协作机制和生态补偿机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Bashang area in Hebei province is the place of north China plain and transition of Inner Mongolia plateau,because of the climate and vegetation,Bashang plateau meadow grassland type.Grassland resources is one of the important economic resources in the Bashang area,and it is the ecological foundation for the people to survive.The important ecological protection function of grassland resources is the key direction of ecological environment restoration and construction in the Bashang area.Grassland ecological restoration and management to promote economic development and environmental resource Bashang region sustainable development have significant effect,but also conducive to the construction of regional ecological civilization system,and more to the maintenance of human living space and living environment plays an important role.In the context of the definition of the ecological protection zone on the plateau,the basis of the construction and the function of the project,the main reason for the environmental problems in the Bashang is to have the environmental problems and the problem of the grasslands,and the main reason for these environmental problems is human factors.Old extensive mode of production in exchange for short-term economic interests at the expense of environment,as Bashang region population increase,the disadvantages of this mode of production is evident.At the same time,the environmental protection concept of the government,enterprises and residents in the Bashang area is weak and only pursues the immediate interests,while the ecological environment will not have enough time to recover as the man-made destruction of the environment,resulting in the worsening of the ecological environment quality,and the need to sacrifice a wider range of environment for economic benefits and eventually form a vicious circle.Through in-depth analysis of the above reasons,this paper attempts to find a more scientific solution to environmental problems from the law.By induction and analysis of the laws and regulations of the two functions of the wind and sand and the water,we know that there are a lot of deficiencies and defects in law enforcement and ecological compensation in the environmental legal system of our country,which is that the government,the corporation,and the people have not paid much attention to the environmental treatment,and the administrative regions of the Bashang don’t have unified environmental standards and mechanisms,and there is no legal eco-indemnity mechanism.Aiming at the problems above,the article in combination with the Bashang region ecological environment,on the basis of actual situation,put forward reasonable Suggestions on ecological protection zone construction Bashang plateau,namely improve the government,enterprises,public environmental protection concepts,and establish the main body of collaborative governance mechanism,at the same time,the reasonable construction of the regional environmental cooperation governance mechanism,including the establishment and surrounding areas(i.e.,the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Inner Mongolia be four)regional environmental cooperation mechanism and ecological compensation mechanism.更多还原