【作者】 刘婷；

【导师】 吕成瑶；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学 ， 外国语言文学， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,随着信息技术的迅猛发展,语料库语言学得到巨大发展。学术英语语料库是语料库语言学领域中的研究热点之一,而基于学术英语语料库的词汇研究对揭示语言本质、特点和属性都具有重要作用。且近年来,基于学科差异的研究得到众多学者的关注,发现不同学科的词语搭配有着明显差异。地学在国内外的快速发展,使得地学英语的教学与研究日趋重要。对于地学院校而言,熟练掌握地学学术英语对学术论文写作有着重要意义。地球化学作为地学的重要分支,目前针对地球化学英语的研究多集中在词汇翻译,词汇表,文体特征,翻译实践等方面,对关键词搭配的研究并不多见,这也使得大多数学者在关键词语搭配的使用上存在一些误区。因而建立专业的地球化学学术语料库,对地球化学关键词的搭配规律研究具有重要意义。本研究选定三本国际地球化学顶级期刊Geochemistry:Exploration,Environment,Analysis,Applied Geochemistry和Journal of Geochemical Exploration作为语料来源。在每本期刊中随机选取近五年40篇相关学术论文。遵循时效性,平衡性和有效性原则自建地球化学学术语料库,规模为70万字符左右。采用Antconc 3.4.4中关键词功能与参照语料库CROWN进行对比筛选得到五个关键词:concentration,sample,soil,mineral和deposits。通过定性和定量分析验证其索引行,搭配词,MI值等,对关键词类链接,搭配和语义特征等进行研究。分析结果得出:1)地球化学学术论文中关键词均为半技术词;2)关键词在与介词、动词搭配时属于upward搭配;与名词、形容词搭配时为downward搭配;3)与动词搭配时,动词一般为现在时和过去时,体现了学术论文写作陈述事实的特点;4)与名词搭配时,通常构成专业词汇,表示某种物质。大多数名词一般出现在关键词左边且为技术词或半技术词,较少通用词汇会出现在右边;5)与形容词搭配时,形容词一般作为修饰语表示特征,消极或积极程度。大部分关键词均能与消极和积极词汇搭配,少数关键词只能与积极词汇搭配。另外,当关键词与少数形容词搭配时,不能从字面来推断该搭配的含义,而是在该领域有其特定的含义。研究结果深入探讨了地球化学学术论文中关键词搭配特征,可为地学专业学者和学生在地球化学学术英语写作方面提供一定的指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,with the rapid development of information technology,Corpus Linguistics has greatly developed.Academic English Corpus has become one of hot topics in Corpus Linguistics.Furthermore,corpus-based vocabulary research reveals Linguistics patterns and features.Meanwhile,studies on disciplinary differences have also attracted scholars’ attention.It is found that there are significant differences on collocations in different disciplines.With rapid development of Geosciences,research on academic English in Geoscience is critical to teachers and students in geoscience universities,in which Geochemistry is an important branch of geology.Study of Geochemistry English mostly focuses on vocabulary translation,stylistic features,translation practice,etc.However,there are few studies on collocations of keywords.Scholars are always confused when using collocations of keywords.Thus,it is significant for geosciences students to acquire collocation patterns of these keywords.In this thesis,three top international geochemical journals(Geochemistry: Exploration,Environment,Analysis;Applied Geochemistry;Journal of Geochemical Exploration)are selected as corpus sources.40 articles in each journal are chosen randomly.Geochemistry Academic Articles(GAA)corpus with 700,000 tokens is built to extract the keywords in geochemistry English with the principle of timeliness,balance and validity.Compared with the reference corpus CROWN,five keywords(concentration,sample,soil,mineral and deposits)are extracted by Antconc3.4.4.Quantitative and qualitative approaches are adopted to analyze patterns and usage of these five keywords with the verification of their index collocations,MI value and so on.Great differences are found between academic English and general English.The results show that 1)keywords in geochemistry academic articles are almost semi-technical words;2)keywords belong to upward collocations when collocating with prepositions and verbs;while,downward collocations when collocating with adjective and nouns;3)when keywords collocate with verbs,the verb is generally present or past form reflecting characteristics of academic articles;4)when keywords collocate with nouns,collocations usually constitutes a professional term conveying a specific substance.Most nouns(technical words or semi-technical words)appear on the left of the keyword but a few non-professional words appear on the right;5)When keywords collocate with adjectives,collocations usually express characteristics of the substance as well as negative or positive meaning.Most keywords can collocate with negative and positive adjectives while a few keywords can only collocate with positive adjectives.In addition,the meaning of collocations cannot be inferred from its literal meaning because the adjective has specific meaning in the field when a keyword collocates with some adjectives.The research provides more evidence on collocations of keywords in GAA(Geochemical Academic Articles)and may provide some guidance for EAP(English for Academic Purpose)Teaching.更多还原