【作者】 武艺；

【导师】 詹启生；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 应用心理学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 随着经济的发展,我国的社会结构发生了一些改变,留守儿童是社会经济迅速发展的背景下凸显出的社会问题。良好的情绪调节能力是心理健康的重要组成部分,能够提高个体的适应环境的能力。家庭是儿童社会性发展的最初场所,父母采取何种教养方式与儿童互动,对儿童情绪调节能力的形成和发展有着重要的影响。而家庭系统中适应性和亲密度的平衡以及家庭功能的正常发挥依赖于亲子之间的良性沟通。本研究选取已成年的留守儿童一部分——具有留守经历的大学生,来探讨他们的家庭教养方式、亲子沟通方式、情绪调节的特征及三者之间的关系。本研究随机抽取有留守经历的大学生中404人,在普通学生中294人作为被试,采用父母教养方式问卷(EMBU)、青少年亲子沟通量表(PACS)、情绪调节策略问卷进行测试。研究结论如下:1、有留守经历大学生与无留守经历的大学生的家庭教养方式、亲子沟通方式之间存在显著差异。2、在家庭教养方式上,父、母惩罚严厉,父亲过分干涉,父亲拒绝否认以及母亲干涉保护方面,男生得分均显著高于女生。在父亲过分干涉和母亲温暖理解方面,独生子女的得分显著高于非独生子女。在母亲温暖理解和母亲干涉保护方面,存在明显的生源地差异。在父、母温暖理解,父亲惩罚严厉方面,存在联系频率差异。在父亲温暖理解方面,存在对父母外出务工态度的差异。3、在亲子沟通上,女生感受到母亲沟通的开放性要显著高于男生,问题性要显著低于男生,整体沟通质量要显著高于男生。独生子女的母亲沟通的开放性要显著高于非独生子女。母亲沟通的问题性以及母亲沟通总得分存在生源地差异。在母亲开放性、父亲问题性、父母沟通总分方面,存在显著的联系频率差异。父、母沟通的开放性以及母亲沟通的总分方面,存在对父母外出务工态度的差异。4、在情绪调节策略上,男生比女生更多采用表达抑制的情绪调节方式。5、留守经历大学生家庭教养方式、亲子沟通方式与情绪调节策略显著相关。6、留守经历大学生的亲子沟通在家庭教养方式与表达抑制间起完全中介作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of economy,Some changes have taken place in the social structure of our country,and left-behind children has become one of the social problems under the background of social and economic rapid development.Good ability of emotion regulation is an important part of mental health,and it can improve the individual’s ability to adapt to the environment.Family is the first place of children’s social development,and the parent style,which parents adopted to interact with children,has an important influence on the formation and development of emotion regulation.The balance of the family adaptability,intimacy and the function of family depend on the good communication between parents and children.This research selected the college students with left-behind experience to investigate the characteristic of parenting style,parent-child communication style and emotion regulation strategies of college students with left-behind experience,as well as the relationship among them.A sample of 404 college students with left-behind experience and 294 general students were nominated to complete EMBU,Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale and emotion regulation strategies questionnaire.The results are as follows:1.There are significant differences in the scores of parenting style and parent-child communication style of college students with left-behind experience and general students.2.In Parenting style:In father\mother’s punishing severely,father’s too much interference,father’s refused to deny and mother’s interference protection dimensions,the score of boys is significantly higher than girls.In father’s too much interference and mother’s warm understanding dimensions,the score of only-child is significantly higher than non-only-children.In mother’s warm understanding and mother’s interference protection dimensions,there is a significantly difference among diffirent origins of student.In father\mother’s warm understanding and father’s punishing severely dimensions,there is a significantly difference between different contact frequency.In father’s warm understanding dimension,there is a significantly difference among different attitude of parent’s migration.3.In Parent-child communication style: Girls’ feeling of the openness dimension of mother’s communication is significantly higher than boys’,the problematic dimension of mother’s communication is significantly lower than boys’,the overall quality of communication is significantly higher than boys’.Only-child’s openness dimension of mother’s communication is significantly higher than non-only-children’s.In the problematic dimension of mother’s communication and mother’s overall quality of communication dimension,there is a significantly difference between origins of student.In the openness dimension of mother’s communication,the problematic dimension of father’s communication and father\mother overall quality of communication dimensions,there is a significantly difference among different attitude of parent’s migration.4.In emotion regulation strategies: Boys used expression more often than girls.5.There are significant correlations between parenting style,parent-child communication and emotion regulation strategies of college students with left-behind experience6.Parent-child communication completely mediates the relationship between parenting style and expressive suppression of college students with left-behind experience.更多还原