【作者】 张琦；

【导师】 边德军； 吴忌；

【作者基本信息】 长春工程学院 ， 建筑与土木工程（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 随着城市化进程加速,城市新区污水处理厂进水无机悬浮物含量较高,导致生化系统MLSS浓度普遍高于理论设计值,MLVSS/MLSS值在0.28⁰.5之间,远低于0.7的理论值。特别是取消初沉池的污水厂,这种现象更加明显。进水无机固体含量（ISS）的生活污水进入到生化系统后,在反应器内累积。查阅相关文献,发现研究无机悬浮物对污水生化系统的影响较少。在长春新区某污水厂开展中试试验研究,探讨进水ISS/COD值高的进水在冬季及夏季对反应器污泥特性、污水处理效果和运行能耗和成本分析的影响,提出了高无机悬浮物进水对污水处理系统不可忽视的影响。主要研究如下:1)长春某新区污水处理厂内冬季低温进水无机悬浮物浓度相对较少,平均浓度1425mg/L,夏季进水高无机悬浮物浓度2656 mg/L,夏季雨水增多,居民生活用水增加,沉积在管道的淤泥冲刷到污水处理厂。冬季ISS/COD均值0.7,明显低于夏季均值2.7。2)冬季低温少量无机质悬浮物进入到反应器内部,会引起污泥浓度的升高,MLSS/MLVSS值在0.44⁰.55范围波动,低于0.75理论值。SVI值有一定的波动在100¹25mL/g,夏季大量的高无机悬浮物进入时,统计粒径发现50%粒径分布在70¹50μm。进水ISS/COD波动较大,系统MLSS急剧升高由初期6000mg/L升高到10000mg/L,MLVSS/MLSS值下降到0.28,无机悬浮物冲击,絮体密度增大,导致SVI急剧下降到30 mL/g,粒径30μm小于正常粒径80μm。夏季大量无机悬浮物对反应器污泥活性的影响明显大于冬季。3)冬季高无机悬浮物进入反应器内部,进水COD、TN、TP都会随着升高,且呈现显著的相关性,有利于系统对COD、TP的去除效率的提高。冬季受低温影响TN去除率低。夏季系统对COD、TN、TP的去除效率显著提高,对NH₄⁺-N去除效率影响不明显。COD、TP、NH₄⁺-N出水水质达到国家规定的类V类水体的指标要求。且无后续深度处理的构筑物,减少运行成本。4)对于高无机质进水情况下,MLVSS/MLSS降低,系统通过提高污泥浓度来保证出水水质达到排放标准。对反应器内部的氧传质出现下降趋势,DO值显著降低,下降幅度达70%。无机质的密度大,比表面积小,要在生化池保持相同的悬浮状态,需要更大的搅拌速率,小实验证明,加入细微无机质后,保持相同的悬浮状态,需要增加20%的搅拌功率。5)反应器没有硝化液回流系统和化学除磷装置,运行费用较低。同时反应器仅依靠生物除磷,没有任何化学除磷措施。可以为污水厂节能减排提供指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the acceleration of urbanization,the inorganic suspended solids content of wastewater treatment plant in urban areas is relatively high,resulting in MLSS of biochemical systems being generally higher than the theoretical design value.MLVSS/MLSS values are between 0.28 and 0.5,much lower than the theoretical value of 0.7.Especially cancelled primary sedimentation tank of sewage treatment plant,this phenomenon is more pronounced.When the domestic wastewater with high influent inorganic suspended solid（ISS）enters the biochemical system,the inorganic content will increase and accumulate in the system.The inorganic suspended solids effective on sewage biochemical system which few relative studies have been done.The polit was decided to be carried out in a sewage plant in Changchun New Area which to study the high ISS/COD influent effect on the sludge characteristics t and operation energy consumption and cost analysis during the winer and summer.This problem can not be ignored.The main research is as follows:In the Changchun New District WWTP,the suspended solid in winter is relatively less with the average concentration of 1188mg/L,the suspended solid in summer concentration of 2656 mg/L,because of the increase of summer rainfall and the increase of residential water consumption lead to this phenomenon.Winter ISS/COD average 0.7,significantly lower than the summer average of 2.7.The MLSS/MLVSS fluctuated in the range of 0.44-0.55,which was below 0.75theoretical value.The SVI value fluctuated between 100¹25m L/g.During the summer when a large amount of high-inorganic suspended solids entered,the 50%particle size distribution was found to be in the range of 70-150μm.The ISS/COD of the influent water fluctuated greatly and the MLSS of the system increased sharply from 6000mg/L to 10000mg/L,the value of MLSS/MLVSS dropped to 0.28,the impact of inorganic suspended solids and floc density increased,leading to a sharp drop of SVI to 30 m L/g,the particle size of 30μm was smaller than the normal size of 80μm.The effect of large amount of inorganic suspended matter in summer on reactor sludge activity is obviously greater than that in winter.In winter,the suspended inorganic matter enters into the reactor,and the influent COD,TN and TP will increase,which will help the system to improve the removal efficiency of COD and TP.TN is affected by low temperature in winter.The removal efficiencies of COD,TN and TP in summer system were significantly increased,while the removal efficiency of NH₄⁺-N was not obvious.COD,TP,NH₄⁺-N effluent quality meet the requirements of the national class V water body index.And no follow-up depth of the structure,reducing operating costs.MLVSS/MLSS is reduced for high inorganic influent conditions,and the system ensures that effluent quality requirements the emission standards by increasing the sludge concentration.The oxygen mass transfer inside the reactor showed a downward trend,DO significantly decreased,a decrease of 70%.Inorganic density,small specific surface area,in the biochemical pool to maintain the same state of suspension,the need for greater mixing rate,a small experiment shows that adding fine inorganic matter to maintain the same suspension,which need to increase of 20%the stirring power.Reactor with nitrification liquid reflux device and biological treatment device,lower operating costs.At the same time the reactor only rely on biological phosphorus removal,there is no chemical phosphorus removal measures.Can provide guidance for the actual sewage treatment plant energy saving.更多还原