【作者】 陈杰；

【导师】 任宗哲；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 公共管理（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【副题名】以浙江省“五水共治”为例

【摘要】 在维系人的生存、保障经济建设和维护社会发展的所有自然要素中,水的重要性不言而喻。水环境问题根本上是社会经济发展和自然资源供给之间的矛盾,也是人与自然的矛盾。在社会转型期,水环境的问题与大气污染、食品安全、公共危机应对等社会问题一样,呈现出跨界、跨传统行政区域的管理难题。单靠某个部门、某个区域的力量己经无法解决。这类社会问题需要各级政府、各个部门、社会组织、企业、公民等多方力量合作,共同努力,联合起来共同应对。这种跨地域、跨部门的问题协调与利益平衡,需要政府跨部门、跨行业的积极协调关系,在这样的要求之下,本文提出借鉴合作治理的理论和范式解决类似社会管理的问题,相应地,政府的社会治理模式也需随之而改变。从这几年对浙江省水环境治理(五水共治)情况研究,我们清晰的看到,水环境污染不以传统行政区划为界,随河流呈现跨区域的特征。在水环境治理过程中不可避免的带来跨区域合作与现行行政管理区划的矛盾。虽然政府做了很多努力和尝试,但从近年来频发的环境水污染事件来看,政府治理的模式不改变,组织架构不调整,部门职能不理顺,水环境治理往往事倍功半,治理的成效也难以巩固。在水环境合作治理过程中,政府如何完善自身的体制机制以适应跨界社会问题的解决,如何引导社会各界进行跨区域合作,如何整合好各级政府、部门的资源,如何培育、引导社会组织的发展壮大并积极参与到水环境治理中,如何搭建平台和渠道,发挥社会公众的力量参与到水环境治理中,成为本文的研究重点。本文从合作治理的理论、范式出发,探讨了这一管理理论与水环境治理需求的契合性。并从浙江省的水环境治理实践出发,分析了合作治理理论在当前行政命令环境下应用到水环境治理模式中的可行性、存在的问题及需要改进的方向。借助国外流域治理典型案例的经验和启示,对当前水环境治理在社会组织的培育引导、社会公众的参与、政府自身的组织建设、制度建设等薄弱环节进行了重点的分析探讨,提出了水环境治理过程中运作合作治理范式的意见建议,为今后进行水环境的流域治理提供新的思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the maintenance of human survival,economic construction and social development to safeguard all natural factors,the importance of water is self-evident.The problem of water environment is fundamentally the contradiction between social economic development and the supply of natural resources,and also the contradiction between man and nature.In the period of social transition,the problems of water environment,air pollution,food safety,public crisis response and other social problems break through the traditional administrative areas and become cross-border public affairs management problems.Only a particular department or area has been unable to solve.These kinds of social problem require all levels of government,departments,social organizations,enterprises,citizens and other forces,working together to cope with them.To solve problems and balance interest cross regions and departments,which requires governments actively participate and coordinate the relationships between them.Under such requirements,this essay uses the theory and paradigm of cooperative governance to address the problems such as social management,accordingly,social management mode of the government also need to change.According to recent years’ study of water environment control(five water treatment)in ZheJiang,we could clearly see that the water environment pollution does not take the regionalism as the boundary,and presents the river basin characteristic.In the process of watershed cooperation governance,it confronts with the contradiction between the integrity of watershed environmental governance and the division of managing scope of local government.Although the government has done a lot of effort,in recent years the frequent incidents of environmental water pollution shows,the government governance mode does not change,organizational structure do not adjust,functional departments do not clarify responsibilities,therefore water environment governance often go half the result with twice the effort,and it is also difficult to keep governance effectiveness.In the process of governing the water environment through cooperation,how to improve governmental mechanisms to adapt to the solution of social problems,how to lead the community to cooperate cross regions,how to integrate the resource from different levels of governments and departments,how to support and guide social organizations to grow and actively participate in the governance of water environment,how to build platforms and channels which encourage the public to participate in the water environment governance,these become the focus of this essay.Starting from the theory and paradigm of cooperative governance,this essay discusses the coherence between the management theory and the demand from water environment governance.At the same time,beginning with the practice of water environment management in ZheJiang Province,under current executive orders,analyzed the feasibility,existing problem and future orientation that need to improve of this theory that require work together for governing water environment.With the help of foreign experience and enlightenment of typical cases about water governance,through analysis and discussion about weaknesses such as the development of social organization,the participation of the public,the development of system of government,thereby this essay provides the suggestion for the mode of cooperative governance in the process of watershed management and broaden new scope of mind for future water governance.更多还原