【作者】 孙蕾；

【导师】 董宏光；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 化学工程， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 间歇生产过程由于其小批量、多品种、高附加值的特点在流程工业中得到了广泛应用。伴随着激烈的全球化竞争以及可持续发展的严格要求,如何提高资源利用率同时降低排放已成为企业竞争的核心因素。本文旨在通过构建系统化的研究方法,对间歇生产过程调度与热集成优化问题展开研究,以提高资源利用率,生产出更多的产品,同时又尽可能减小生产过程中的操作费用与设备投资费用,从而获得最大利润。主要研究内容包括:(1)间歇过程生产调度与热集成分步优化:首先,采用数学规划法,基于特定单元事件点时间表达方式及状态任务网络(STN),构建生产调度模型,获得最大产能。在此基础上,采用启发法,基于时间段模型(TSM)进行热集成分析,降低公用工程能耗。结果表明分步优化策略虽不能得到全局最优解,但是容易求解,在处理大规模问题时仍是有效的方法。(2)间歇过程生产调度与热集成同步优化:为了更好的挖掘热集成机会,本文对间歇生产过程调度与热集成问题进行了同步优化。基于数学规划法构建热集成模型,并通过产量与生产调度模型相关联,以最大利润为目标函数,同时权衡产品收入、公用工程消耗费用与换热设备费用。同步优化模型创新点为:提出了伴生任务的概念来描述生产任务的热需求,进而得到改进的状态任务网络,该网络能描述所有流股与流股、设备与设备以及流股与设备之间的热集成机会;考虑多种换热方式以及换热器分时共享机制,使换热任务与换热设备更好的匹配,符合实际生产。(3)间歇过程换热器的拆分与组合共用:换热设备的费用与其面积相关,将面积较大的换热器进行拆分,并在不同时间间隔进行组合共用,可以有效的减少换热器面积,从而降低设备投资费用。在得到初始换热网络的基础上,采用数学规划法,对间歇过程换热器的拆分与组合共用问题进行研究,提出差序拆分求解策略以降低模型求解难度,最后,通过算例对上述方法进行验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 Batch processing is commonly used to manufacture high value added products when products are required in small quantities.Facing the challenge of sustainable development and global competition,the way to maximize resource utilization and reduce emissions has become the key role in keeping enterprises alive and flourishing.This paper aims to develop a system-oriented approach for the optimization of production scheduling and heat integration in order to improve the utilization of resources and minimize the operation cost and capital cost.The main contents addressed in this paper can be stated as follows:(1)Sequential methodology for production scheduling and heat integration of batch plants: First,scheduling models are established based on a continuous time expression and state task network representation with the objective of maximum production.Then,heat integration can be achieved through heuristic method applying time slice model to reduce the consumption of utilities.The results show that sequential optimization strategy may get sub-optimal solutions,but it is still an effective method especially dealing with large-scale problems.(2)Simultaneous optimization for production scheduling and heat integration of batch plants: To explore more opportunities for heat integration,simultaneous optimization strategy is investigated in this paper.Heat integration model is built on the scheduling framework.The proposed formulation can get global optimal results with the objective of profit maximization,with profit defined as the difference between product revenue and cost of utilities as well as heat exchange equipments.The innovations of this paper are as following: Firstly,the concept of associated task is introduced to describe the heat transfer requirements of production tasks and an improved State-Tasks-Network representation is adopted to capture all streams-streams,units-streams and units-units heat integration opportunities.Besides,the detailed design of heat transfer schemes and time sharing mechanism of heat exchangers are also involved in the proposed framework by considering heat transfer tasks-units allocation constraints.(3)Common use of heat exchangers by partitioning and reassembling heat transfer areas in batch plants: The cost of heat exchangers is related to its area,so it is an effective way to reduce capital cost through common use of heat exchangers by partitioning and reassembling heat transfer areas on different periods.In this paper,a difference order strategy is developed to introduce timesharing mechanisms into the preliminary heat exchanger network designs on each period which decrease the model solving difficulty.At last,an illustrative example is presented to demonstrate the validity and advantages of the proposed approach.更多还原