【作者】 王松；

【导师】 贾志欣；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 材料学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 缓释膜作为一种新型药物缓释材料,具有环境友好、安全性好、缓释、效率高等优点,在医药与现代化农业领域具有突出的技术优势和广泛的应用前景。本文从生物可降解、物理吸附、目标药物性质差异等角度出发,选用聚乙烯醇(PVA)和淀粉(ST)的共混物为膜原料,埃洛石纳米管(HNTs)和蒙脱土(MMT)为药物载体,除草剂2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)和莠去津(AT)为模型药物,制备了一系列纳米填料负载型PVA-ST复合载药膜,研究了HNTs和MMT对PVA-ST复合膜的力学性能、热稳定性、透光和溶胀性能的影响,并考察了PVA-ST复合膜的载药缓释性能以及HNTs和MMT纳米载体对药物的缓释性能的影响。主要工作如下:(1)分别采用HNTs和MMT填充改性PVA-ST复合膜,制备了PVA-ST/HNTs和PVA-ST/MMT复合膜,并对两种复合膜的结构与性能进行了研究。结果表明:HNTs和低份量MMT均可均匀分散于各自复合膜中,提高复合膜的耐水性能。HNTs可有效提高复合膜的力学性能和热稳定性,低份量时对复合膜的透明性影响不大。而MMT含量高时,会发生团聚,严重影响复合膜的力学性能和透明性。(2)以PVA-ST为基体材料,2,4-D为模型药物,制备了PVA-ST/2,4-D缓释膜,并对该缓释膜的结构与缓释性能进行了研究。同时采用HNTs和MMT负载2,4-D的方法制备了两种纳米填料负载型药物缓释膜,以期获得更好的缓释性能。结果表明:2,4-D可均匀分散于缓释膜内,能够缓慢地迁移到缓释膜表面从而发挥药效,使得该种缓释膜具有良好的除草功能。当PVA-ST/2,4-D缓释膜浸入水中时,2,4-D的释放速率较快,其释放行为符合Fickian扩散机制。HNTs和MMT负载2,4-D的方法均能有效延缓2,4-D的释放,且HNTs负载对延缓2,4-D的释放作用更好。(3)采用除草剂AT做模型药物,以HNTs和MMT为载体,制备了PVA-ST/AT缓释膜和两种纳米填料负载型除草剂缓释膜,并重点研究了上述缓释膜的结构与缓释性能。结果表明:PVA-ST/AT缓释膜浸入水中后,莠去津的释放速率较慢,可持续释放96h以上,其释放行为符合Ritger-Peppas方程,是一种溶蚀与扩散相结合的释放机制。HNTs和MMT负载莠去津均可进一步延缓莠去津的释放,提高其缓释膜的缓释性能,且HNTs负载对莠去津的缓释能力更佳。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sustained-release film is a new type of drug carrier,which has many advantages,such as environment-friendly,safety,uniform release,high efficiency,and so on,and outstanding technical advantages as well as application prospects in the fields of medicine and modern agriculture.In this paper,polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and starch(ST)blends were used as polymer raw materials,halloysite nanotubes(HNTs)and montmorillonite(MMT)were used as drug carriers,herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid(2,4-D)and atrazine(AT)were used as model drugs,and a series of nano-filler-supported drug-loaded films were prepared from the point of view of biodegradability,physical adsorption and the difference of target drug properties.The effects of HNTs and MMT on the mechanical properties,thermal stability,light transmission and swelling properties of PVA-ST composite films were investigated,and the release properties of PVA-ST drug-loaded films,as well as the effects of HNTs and MMT supported drug on the release properties,were studied.The main work is as follows:(1)PVA-ST/HNTs and PVA-ST/MMT composite films were prepared by using HNTs and MMT as fillers,respectively.And the structure and properties of the two composite films were studied.The results show that both HNTs and low weight MMT could uniformly disperse in their composite films to improve the water resistance of the composite films.HNTs could effectively improve the mechanical properties and thermal stability of its composite films,and low weight HNTs had little effect on the transparency of them.When the content of MMT was high,MMT’s agglomeration occurs,which seriously affects the mechanical properties and transparency of its composite film.(2)PVA-ST/2,4-D sustained-release film was prepared by using PVA-ST composite film as the matrix material and 2,4-D as the model drug.And the structure and release properties of the sustained-release film were investigated.At the same time,two kinds of nano-filler-supported drugs sustained-release film were prepared by using HNTs and MMT-loaded 2,4-D as the functional filler,in order to obtain better controlled release performance.The results show that 2,4-D could uniformly disperse in the sustained-release film and slowly migrate to the surface of sustained-release membrane,playing the efficacy,so that the sustained-release film had good herbicidal effect.When the PVA-ST/2,4-D sustained-release film was immersed in water,the release rate of 2,4-D was high,and its release behavior was in accordance with the Fickian diffusion mechanism.In addition,both HNTs and MMT loaded 2,4-D could effectively delay the release of 2,4-D,and HNTs had a better effect on delaying the release of 2,4-D.(3)PVA-ST/AT sustained-release film and two kinds of nano-filler-supported herbicides sustained-release film were prepared by using herbicide atrazine as model drug,using HNTs and MMT-loaded atrazine as functional filler.And the structure and release properties of these sustained-release films were investigated emphatically.The results show that the release rate of atrazine was slow and coud keep release for more than 96 h,its release behavior was consistent with the Ritger-Peppas equation after the PVA-ST/AT sustained-release film immersed in water,which was a release mechanism combined with dissolution and diffusion.Besides,both HNTs and MMT-loaded atrazine could further delay the release of atrazine and increase the controlled-release properties of their sustained-release films,and the HNTs loaded atrazine had better ability to control the release of atrazine.更多还原