【作者】 王华；

【导师】 张钧； 王晓宁；

【作者基本信息】 山西大学 ， 法律硕士（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,未成年人犯罪已经成为世界各国普遍关注的问题,虽然各国对未成年人犯罪的处置制度均有其各自的特点,但尽量对未成年人犯罪进行非刑罚化、非监禁化处置却己达成共识。本文在对犯罪未成年人实行“教育为主、惩罚为辅”的思想基础上,主张在司法实践中尽量以不脱离社会环境的非监禁性处置措施对犯罪未成年人进行矫治,以避免监禁刑对其造成的各种不良影响,进而保障其能够正常再社会化。本文由四个部分构成:第一部分是分析我国未成年人犯罪非监禁处置制度的现状及问题。该部分简要列举了我国现有非监禁处置措施的种类及对未成年人的适用情况,发现我国未成年人犯罪非监禁处置措施在实践中存在的缺少系统性、专门性规定及相关配套制度不完善等问题,从而为完善我国未成年人犯罪非监禁处置制度提供依据。第二部分是对未成年人犯罪非监禁处置制度适用及价值的阐述。在我国,未成年人犯罪非监禁处置制度的概念并没有统一的定性,因此,笔者对照性地阐述了未成年人犯罪非监禁处置制度的内涵,笔者认为,未成年人犯罪非监禁处置制度应包含两方面的内容:一是非监禁刑,主要针对14周岁至18周岁的年长未成年人,根据其身心发展特点及犯罪主客观情况确定适用类型;二是非刑罚处置措施,主要针对12周岁至14周岁的年幼未成年人,考虑采用社区帮教等引导性方式进行行为矫正。关于该制度的价值,本文主要通过对山西省各看守所及监狱的5116名在押犯的调查,着眼于其第一次实施犯罪时的年龄、家庭情况、接受教育情况及所受刑事处罚情况,通过数据分析得出了非监禁处置措施能够有效降低未成年人重新犯罪率的结论。第三部分是对境内外未成年人犯罪非监禁处置措施的比较分析。该部分通过对德国、日本、美国、英国及我国港澳地区非监禁性处置措施的概述,发现我国大陆地区未成年人犯罪非监禁处置制度所存在的不足,从而可以根据我国大陆地区的实际情况借鉴其先进经验。第四部分是完善我国未成年人犯罪非监禁处置制度的构想。该部分提出了“人权司法保障”的未成年人犯罪处置理念,建议从立法层面上制定独立、完备的未成年人犯罪非监禁处置制度法律体系,同时应建立科学的社会调查制度、完备的社区矫正机制、完善的社会帮教制度等相应的配套制度以保障未成年人能够接受适合自身的有针对性的帮助,最终实现对未成年人的教育和保护。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present,the minor crime has become issues of common concern to all countries in the world,while countries of crime minors disposal system all have their own characteristics,but for the minors of punishment,non-confinement measure have reached a consensus.Has "education based on minor crime,punishment subsidiary" thought,based on the claim as far as possible in the judicial practice to not divorced from social environment of the non-confinement measure of crime minors to correct,to avoid imprisonment for its various adverse effects caused by the ensure it can further normal resocialization.This paper consists of four parts:The first part is the analysis of the status quo and problems of the crime of non custodial disposal system for minors in China.This part briefly lists the types of China’s existing non custodial measures and applicable to minors,found China’s juvenile delinquency non lacks system in practice in the prison disposal measures,special provisions and the relevant supporting system is not perfect,so as to improve China’s juvenile delinquency provides the basis for the non custodial disposal system.The second part is the connotation and value of juvenile delinquency non custodial disposal system is described.In China the concept of juvenile crime non custodial disposal system and no unified qualitative,therefore,the author expounds the control of juvenile crime connotation,non custodial disposal system the author believes that the juvenile delinquency non custodial disposal system should include two aspects:one is the non imprisonment punishment,mainly for 14 years old to 18 years old minors,according to the characteristics of physical and mental development of crime and the subjective and objective conditions determine the applicable type;two is the non penalty disposition measures aimed at 12 years old to 14 years old young minors,considering mining Behavior modification in the community help guide way.About the value of the system,this paper mainly through the investigation of 5116 prisoners and prison guards of the Shanxi Province,focusing on the implementation of the first age when the crime,family,education and punishment.The punishment,through the data analysis the non custodial measures can effectively reduce juvenile crime rate to the conclusion.The third part is the comparative analysis of domestic and foreign juvenile delinquency non custodial disposal measures.This part through to Germany,Japan,the United States,an overview of non custodial measures in Britain and China’s Hong Kong and Macao,and found shortcomings in the mainland of China,the minor crime of non custodial disposal system,and according to the actual situation of the mainland area of our country from the excellent experience.The fourth part is the conception of perfecting the crime of non custodial disposal system of minors in our country.This part puts forward the "judicial protection of human rights" minor crime disposal concept,proposed to develop independent from the legislative level,perfect the juvenile non custodial disposal system legal system of crime,and should establish a scientific system of social investigation,complete community correction mechanism,perfect social assistance system and corresponding supporting system in order to protect minors can accept for their targeted help,finally realize the education and protection of minors.更多还原