【作者】 杨梅；

【导师】 杨继平；

【作者基本信息】 山西大学 ， 教育硕士（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 父母心理控制涉及父母干涉子女的私人领域,阻碍子女自主感的发展,引发青少年社会适应不良。而高中生随着成人感的出现,慢慢具有独立自主的意志,父母控制与青少年寻求独立这一冲突在高中阶段加剧。父母心理控制属于消极的教养方式,引发高中生社交焦虑,即在与人交流过程中所产生的一种回避、害怕他人评价,倾向独处等行为,研究表明父母心理控制预测子女社交焦虑。Bowen认为高自我分化的个体更够在人际关系中同时保持独立和亲密的能力,减少社会交往出现的焦虑的情绪体验。本研究采用“父母心理控制量表”,“自我分化量表”和“社交焦虑量表”对606名高中生进行调查分析,分别讨论高中生父亲心理控制、母亲心理控制、自我分化及社交焦虑的特点,并讨论高中生自我分化、父母心理控制和社交焦虑间的关系。研究结论:1.父母心理控制、高中生自我分化及社交焦虑三个变量各自的特点(1)高中生感知中等程度的父母心理控制,且父母间的控制程度存在差异,高中生感知更高水平的母亲心理控制。(2)与女生相比,男孩感知来自父母的心理控制程度更高;父母对高一年级、未分科的学生控制程度高;专制类型的父母心理控制程度最高;在是否子女为独生、和不同教育程度间的父母心理控制没有显著区别。(3)本研究群体中,高中生自我分化程度较高。男生较女生分化程度良好。在与是否为独生以及学科间没有明显差异。(4)高中生整体在社交情境体验到中等水平的焦虑感,且焦虑程度与高中生的性别、是否独生、年级、学科无显著差异。2.父母心理控制、自我分化与社交焦虑的关系(1)父母心理控制不利于高中生自我分化,且预测效果显著。(2)自我分化负向预测高中生社交焦虑。(3)父、母心理控制正向预测高中生社交焦虑。(4)自我分化分别在父、母心理控制与高中生社交焦虑间中介作用显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 Parental psychological control involves parents to interfere with their children’s private areas,hindering the development of children’s autonomy,triggering adolescent social maladjustment.As well as high school students in the development of self-consciousness period,they want get rid of the dependence on their parents and achieve self-independence.The conflict of parental control and youth seeking independence is increasingly aggravate in this period.Parental psychological control is a negative aspect of control,leading to adolescent social anxiety,that is,in the process of communication with others,the people tend to escape from social situation,fear of othes evaluation and enjoy being alone.The study shows that parents’ psychological control has a serious negative impact on high school students.Bowen argues that highly self-differentiated individuals remain independent and intimate in interpersonal relationships and reduce the emotional experience of anxiety in social interaction.In this study,606 high school students were surveyed by "Parental Mental Control Scale","Self-differentiation Scale" and "Social Anxiety Scale".Respectively,to discuss the characteristics of high school students’ father’s psychological control,mother’s psychological control,self-differentiation and social anxiety,and discuss the relationship among self-differentiation,psychological control of parents and social anxiety.Analysis conclusion:1.The characteristics of parental psychological control,high school students self-differentiation and social anxiety.(1)High school students perceived the middle level of parents psychological control,father,mother of high school students psychological control there are significant differences,mothers have more psychological control.(2)Compared with girls,boy perceive a higher degree of psychologicalcontrol.Parents have a high degree psychological control of high-grade and non-divided students.Autocratic type of parental psychological control is higher than other parenting types.There is no significant difference in whether or not the child is the only child,and the psychological control of parents between different educational levels.(3)The self-differentiation of high school students is at a higher level,Self-differentiation is significant in gender differences,and no significant difference in the only child,grade and subject.(4)High school students in the social situation to experience the middle level of anxiety,there is no siggnificant differences in gender,the only child,grade and subject.2.The relationship among parental psychological control,self-differentiation and social anxiety.(1)Parents ’psychological control negative predictions of high school students’ self-differentiation.(2)High school students self-differentiation negatively predict social anxiety.(3)Parental psychological control has a significant effect on social anxiety.(4)Self-differentiation plays a mediating effect in parents’ psychological control and social anxiety.更多还原