【作者】 刘辉；

【导师】 张鹏飞； 杨评论；

【作者基本信息】 西安电子科技大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 随着通信技术和微波技术的高速发展,人们对天线的频带、增益、方向性和波束等性能要求日益提高。相比于大口径反射面天线、阵列天线等常用的高方向性天线,平面透镜天线具有结构上简单、轻薄,性能方面增益高、方向性强的优点,并且透镜天线不需考虑阵列单元间的互耦影响、复杂馈电网络设计、馈源遮挡及加工精度要求苛刻等问题,因此平面透镜天线具有广泛的应用前景。近年来,相移表面(Phase Shifting Surface,PSS)技术逐渐兴起,将PSS结构应用于天线的设计中可以实现天线的低剖面、轻量化和加工低成本。论文对此展开研究,具体如下:论文首先调研了平面透镜天线以及相移表面的发展现状及成果,并对基于几何光学的射线类方法进行了简单的分析;列举了两种常见的平面透镜天线,即平面介质透镜和平面贴片透镜,并对其原理进行了简单的分析,明确了平面透镜天线设计的基本思路和设计方法。随后,结合梯度折射率原理及相位补偿法分析了平面透镜天线的设计方案,并设计了一种加载透镜的H面喇叭天线结构。其次,分别设计了一种六边形排列和圆形排列的平面介质透镜天线,该透镜阵列由介质基板上切三棱锥孔构成;简单地调研了3D打印技术,并基于3D打印技术对平面介质透镜天线进行初步加工。最后,探索了不同的PSS及PASS(Phase and Amplitude Shifting Surface)单元结构特性,仿真了几种典型的PSS单元,分析不同形状变化、旋转角度及多层结构的单元所能获得的传输相位变化范围及插入损耗值,并进行简单总结分析以便透镜天线阵列设计的应用。然后结合前面所分析的PSS单元,设计了由外围为介质基板上切三棱锥型孔,内圈由介质基板上覆有三角形金属贴片的PSS单元构成的复合型低剖面平面透镜天线。仿真计算结果显示所设计的天线达到预期的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of communication technology and microwave technology,the performance requirements of broadband,high gain,high directivity and narrow beam are increasing.Compared with other commonly used high directional antenna such as large aperture reflector antenna,antenna array and so on,the planar lens antennas has the advantages of simple structure and light weight,high gain,strong directivity in performance.At the same time,the effect of mutual coupling among the array elements,the design of complex feed network,feed occlusion and processing precision are not needed to be taken into consideration in the design of the planar lens antennas Accordingly,planar lens antenna can be used in a lot of applications.In recent years,the technology of phase shift surface(PSS)is gradually growing up.The PSS structure can be used in the design of antenna,which can realize low profile,light weight and low cost lens.The thesis launches the research to this,as follows:This paper first investigates the development status and achievements of the planar lens antenna and the technology of phase shift surface.A simple analysis of the ray tracing method based on geometric optical is shown.The basic idea and method of design for planar lens antenna is discussed;Two kinds of common plane lens antenna,such as planar dielectric lens and planar patch lens are enumerated,and the principle is also analysis simply,then the basic idea and method to design planar lens antenna is clear and definite.Subsequently,the design scheme of planar lens antenna is analyzed by means of gradient refractive index principle and phase compensation method,and a H horn antenna structure with loaded lens is designed.Next,a planar dielectric lens antenna with hexagonal arrangement and circular arrangement is designed,and the lens array is composed of dielectric substrate with cutting many three pyramid holes.Then the 3D printing technology is briefly investigated,and based on 3D printing technology,the planar dielectric lens antenna is preliminarily processed.Finally,the structural characteristics of different PSS and PASS units are explored,and several typical PSS units are simulated,the transmission phase change range and the acceptable insertion loss value obtained by different shape change,rotation angle variety and the multilayer structure unit are analyzed,then a briefly summarize and analysis of all these is given with the aim of the application of lens antenna array.With combining the inner part of the lens composed of triangular metal patch PSS unit and the outer part formed by the dielectric substrate that be cut off by pyramid shaped slots,a low profile planar lens antenna is deigned.And the simulated results show that the antenna can meet the expected requirements.更多还原