【作者】 田军；

【导师】 刘平；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 整体叶轮广泛应用于装备制造行业,并扮演着非常重要的角色。由于叶轮叶片的曲面形状非常复杂,为了保持叶片的加工精度,需要确定合适的加工工艺。又因为曲面的扭曲变化较大、叶片强度相对较弱,所以对加工编程又提出了更高的要求,因此研究整体叶轮的加工编程和仿真就非常重要。本文以某整体叶轮为研究对象,研究了其数控编程与仿真过程中的一些关键技术问题。结合数控加工工艺和计算机辅助设计和制造技术,对整体叶轮的加工程序的生成、加工过程的模拟仿真以及加工过程中的变形开展了详细的研究,具体研究内容主要包括以下几项:(1)在查阅国内外文献的基础上,综述了整体叶轮的数控加工以及仿真研究情况及其最近进展,综述了叶片等薄壁件的加工变形的研究状况,确定了课题的主要研究内容和研究方法。(2)基于NURBS理论对整体叶轮进行参数化建模研究,分析机床运动模型中刀轴矢量以及刀位点在刀具坐标系和工件坐标系转换关系,为构建后置处理文件奠定基础。(3)对叶轮的加工工艺进行规划,包括划分工艺阶段、选择加工刀具、选择零件毛坯及选择数控加工方法等。在此基础上生成叶轮的加工刀具轨迹,构建针对五轴数控车铣复合加工中心的后置处理文件,并利用该后置处理器生成叶轮的数控加工程序。(4)构建了五轴数控车削中心的虚拟仿真模型,实现了叶轮数控加工过程的加工模拟,主要包括车铣复合机床的虚拟机床模型的创建、刀具库的建立、控制系统的加载以及加工程序的导入等。对仿真结果进行过切和碰撞检测,并对刀具轨迹进行优化。(5)运用大型有限元分析软件对叶片进行有限元仿真分析。对分析结果沿U和V两个方向进行变形分析,总结出叶片变形的规律,采取有效措施进行控制叶片在铣削加工中的变形,为实际的加工提供有效的依据。本文针对整体叶轮的数控编程和仿真进行了研究,对于叶轮数控加工效率和质量的提高具有重要的意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Integral impellers play a very important position in industry of equipment manufacturing.Due to curved blade with very complicated shapes,proper machining processes are required for ensure precision of blades.And because of distortion and weak strength of blades,higher machining programming is demanded.So it is more important to research CNC programming and simulation for integral impeller.The paper focuses on one integral impeller and several key problems were researched in NC programming and simulation for integral impeller.Generation of machining programs,simulation of machining process of integral impeller and deformation during machining are researched in detail combining processing technique of NC machining process and computer aided design and manufacturing technology.Several contents in detail mainly summarized as follows:(1)Based on checking domestic and foreign literature,make a summary on the overall situation of NC machining of integral impellers and numerical control machining and simulation of integral impellers,summarize research situation of machining deformation of blades and some thin-wall parts,and identify the main research contents and methods of the paper.(2)Parametric modeling of integral impeller based on NURBS theory,analysis the convert relationship of cutter axis vectors and CL points between cutter tool coordinate system and work coordinate system,lay the foundation for building the post processing files.(3)The machining process of the impeller is planned,including the delineation of process stages,tool selection,the selection of rough stock and processing methods.Generate cutter paths of integral impeller,building the post-processor machine to 5-axis milling and turning machining center,and carry out programs by the post-processor machine.(4)Build virtual simulating model to five-axis NC turning center and simulate the whole machining progress,including building a virtual machine model and tool library files,loading control system,and importing NC programs.Make interference and overcut to results of simulation.Make optimization to cutter paths of integral impeller.(5)Take large finite element analysis to one blade by ABAQUS software.Carry out deformation analysis along U and V directions,summarize deformation rules,and implement effective methods to control deformation of the blades in milling,effective foundations to actual production provided.This paper introduces machining and simulation of integral impellers,which makes an important significance for improving machining efficiency and quality of impellers.更多还原